Geography · Environmental Studies

Geomorphic Processes

2,120 Questions

Geomorphic processes shape the Earth surface through physical mechanisms like weathering, erosion, and deposition. This topic covers soil formation, glacial movement, and coastal landform development. It forms a core component of physical geography in major competitive examinations.

Soil erosion controlGlacial movementCoastal landformsSedimentary rock formationWeathering processes

Geomorphic Processes Questions

Multiple choice

Match the following columns:

 
Denudational process/energy Driving force
a. Weathering 1. Molecular stresses or gravitational force and chemical action
b. Mass movements 2. Gravitational forces
c. Erosion and transportation 3. Kinetic energy

  1. a - 1, b - 2, c - 3

  2. a - 2, b - 3, c - 1

  3. a - 3, b - 2, c - 1

  4. a - 3, b - 1, c - 2

  5. a - 1, b - 3, c - 2
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct answer. All exogenic geomorphic processes are termed denudation. Weathering is caused by molecular stresses or gravitational forces and chemical actionMass wasting/movements are caused due to gravitational forces. Erosion and transportation are caused due to earth's kinetic energy.

Multiple choice

Which one of the following type of erosion is responsible for the formation of Chambal Ravines?

  1. Splash

  2. Sheet

  3. Rill

  4. Gully
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Chambal Ravines are formed primarily by gully erosion, which is the advanced stage of soil erosion where water creates deep channels. The Chambal region's highly erodible soil, coupled with the monsoon climate and historical deforestation, has made it susceptible to severe gully erosion, creating the characteristic badland topography of ravines. Splash erosion is the initial stage, sheet erosion is the removal of thin soil layers, and rill erosion creates small channels that can evolve into gullies.

Multiple choice

In rainy season the dust in the ballast becomes mud and comes up by suction from below the rail joint. Such a joint is called

  1. wet joint

  2. water joint

  3. pumping joint

  4. blowing joint
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

A pumping joint occurs when fine ballast dust mixes with water during rainy seasons to form mud, which is then sucked up through the joint gaps under the repetitive loading of passing trains. This pumping action creates a visible mud extrusion at rail joints. The term 'pumping' refers to this suction and extrusion phenomenon, not to the presence of water alone.

Multiple choice

In which of the following stages of landform development are monadnocks formed?

  1. Early youth stage

  2. Youth stage

  3. Early mature stage

  4. Late mature stage

  5. Old stage
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

During this stage, gradually the valley sides are reduced to lower and lower slopes and divides between drainage basins are likewise lowered until they are almost completely flattened leaving finally, a lowland of faint relief with some low resistant remnants called monadnocks standing out here and there.

Multiple choice

Which of the following develop incised meanders?

  1. Streams that flow rapidly over steep gradients.

  2. Streams flowing on low and gentle slopes.

  3. Meandering courses over floodplains and delta plains.

  4. The deep and wide meanders that are found cut in hard rocks.

  5. The rocky beds of hill-streams with more or less circular depression.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct answer. Very deep and wide meanders can be found cut in hard rocks. Such meanders are called incised or entrenched meanders.

Multiple choice

Meanders are present in the running water regimes. During which of the following do these meanders develop?

  1. When streams flow over the original slopes.

  2. When stream divides are broad and flat with marshes, swamp and lakes.

  3. When the valleys are still V-shaped but deep and trunk streams are broad enough to have wider floodplains.

  4. When the flat and broad inter stream areas, swamps and marshes disappear, and the stream divides turn sharp.

  5. When divides are broad and flat with lakes, swamps and marshes.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct answer, meanders if present develop over these broad upland surfaces. These meanders may eventually entrench themselves into the uplands and waterfalls and rapids may exist where local hard rock bodies are exposed.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is incorrect?

  1. Potholes form because of stream erosion aided by the abrasion of rock fragments.

  2. Waterfalls are also transitory like any other landform and they too recede gradually.

  3. Valley types depend upon the type and structure of rocks in which they form.

  4. Pebbles and boulders get collected in potholes and get rotated by flowing water and consequently the gorges are formed.

  5. Valleys start as small and narrow rills that gradually develop into long and wide gullies, which consequently form valleys.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

This statement is incorrect. A gorge is a deep valley with very steep to straight sides.Thus, this option is the correct answer.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is correct about river terraces?

  1. River terraces are surfaces marking old valley floor or floodplain levels.

  2. River terraces may be bedrock surfaces without any alluvial cover.

  3. River terraces may also be alluvial terraces consisting of stream deposits.

  4. All of the above

  5. Only option 1 and 3
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct answer,  as all these statements are correct about river terraces.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is not a cause of forming river terraces?

  1. Receding water after a peak flow.

  2. Change in hydrological regime due to climatic changes.

  3. Tectonic uplift of land.

  4. Tidal waves during floods in case of rivers closer to the sea.

  5. Sea level changes in case of rivers closer to the sea.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

This is the wrong reason for the formation of river terraces. The terraces may result due to receding water after a peak flow, change in hydrological regime due to climatic changes, tectonic uplift of land and sea level changes in case of rivers closer to the sea. Thus, this is the correct answer choice.

Multiple choice

Where are point bars formed?

  1. On the convex side of meanders of large rivers.

  2. As a major land form of river deposition.

  3. On foot slope plains of low gradients.

  4. On the concave banks of meanders of large rivers.

  5. In the middle of the rivers where silt deposits accumulate.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

They are found on the convex side of meanders of large rivers and are sediments deposited in a linear fashion by flowing waters along the bank. They are almost uniform in profile and in width and contain mixed sizes of sediments.

Multiple choice

Meander is not a land form but is only a type of channel pattern. Which of the following statements support this statement?

  1. The propensity of water flowing over very gentle gradients to work laterally on the bank makes it a channel pattern.

  2. The unconsolidated nature of alluvial deposits making up the banks with many irregularities can be used by the water exerting pressure laterally and make it a channel pattern.

  3. The coriolis force acting on the fluid water deflects it like it deflects the wind, thus making it a channel pattern.

  4. Option 1 and 2

  5. Options 1, 2 and 3
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct answer option. All the options 1, 2 and 3 support the statement that meander is a channel pattern.