Geography · Environmental Studies

Geomorphic Processes

2,120 Questions

Geomorphic processes shape the Earth surface through physical mechanisms like weathering, erosion, and deposition. This topic covers soil formation, glacial movement, and coastal landform development. It forms a core component of physical geography in major competitive examinations.

Soil erosion controlGlacial movementCoastal landformsSedimentary rock formationWeathering processes

Geomorphic Processes Questions

Multiple choice
  1. rill and gullies

  2. sheet erosion

  3. gullies and ravines

  4. All of the above

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Stone dams are specifically constructed to control the formation and expansion of gullies and ravines. They help reduce erosion velocity, allowing water to slow down and soil to settle. While they indirectly affect sheet erosion, their primary purpose is gully and ravine control in degraded lands.

Multiple choice
  1. Absorption

  2. Percolation

  3. Moisture

  4. Osmosis

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Percolation is the downward movement of water through soil under gravitational force. Absorption is uptake by plant roots or soil particles. Osmosis is water movement across semi-permeable membranes. Moisture is the state of holding water, not a movement process.

Multiple choice
  1. Absorption of large amount of water by soil

  2. Removal of top layer of soil

  3. Adding fertilisers to the soil

  4. Infertility of soil

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Soil erosion is the removal of the top fertile layer of soil by natural forces like water and wind. This process is different from water absorption (option A) or adding fertilizers (option C), and results in infertility rather than being infertility itself (option D). The top layer contains most nutrients and organic matter, making its loss particularly damaging to agricultural land.

Multiple choice
  1. Pouring the clear liquid

  2. The insoluble solids settling out

  3. Drying the solid by heating

  4. Stirred water and fine sand particles

  5. Remain solid after filtration

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Sedimentation is the process in which insoluble solids settle out in a liquid. These insoluble solids are called sediment.

Multiple choice
  1. wearing away of a rock face

  2. settling out of rock grains or stones

  3. moving rock fragments by water, wind or glacier

  4. breaking down rocks into smaller fragments by someone

  5. breaking up of rocks by wind or rain

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

yes,it is related to erosion.

Multiple choice
  1. burial, pressure, cementation, recrystallisation

  2. burial, melting, cooling

  3. weathering, erosion, transportation, deposition, burial, pressure, cementation

  4. may involve burial first, heat and/or pressure, recrystallisation without melting

  5. transportation, weathering, erosion, deposition, burial, cementation

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

yes , it is the right sequence of forming sandstone.

Multiple choice
  1. Loess

  2. Delta

  3. Moraines

  4. Mushroom rocks

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Mushroom rocks are formed by wind erosion in desert areas - the abrasion is stronger near the base, creating the distinctive shape. Loess is wind-deposited silt (depositional). Deltas are river-deposited landforms (depositional). Moraines are rocks and debris deposited by glaciers (depositional).

Multiple choice

Most of the rocks are sensitive to monsoons.

Directions: Read the following passage and answer the following question.

One thing, probably the most significant one, that influences the life cycle of a rock is the natural phenomenon called Erosion. In fact, most of the enchanting landscapes that we find around the world today are a boon of this natural phenomenon. But it is not a blessing always. It can cause major problems as people living in different geographical regions in large numbers, with passage of time, get used to the environment of the region being in a certain way.    Any change in the topography that influences the overall environment can pose new challenges.  However, people can do many things to increase the pace of this phenomenon or slow it down to a great extent.  A significant factor that can cause erosion is of course weathering.
 
Water currents cause lot of erosion. Some times water falls as acid rain. Then it is capable of dissolving rock structures that are sensitive to acids.  For example Marble & limestone undergo weathering when exposed to acid rain. Apart from this, when it rains very heavily, as it happens during monsoons, it can cause flooding.  During the monsoons rivers and streams flow in full swing and the rushing water can cause mud slides and even erode large river banks. The huge waves in seas and oceans, which you can watch standing on a beach, cause much erosion. The continuous action of waves on the rocks pond them and with time, cliffs will crumble. This is the reason why you will often find sand & little pebbles on beaches instead of huge pieces of rocks.  Rushing water, like what we usually find in rivers and streams, moves very fast and as it runs down mountains or strong waves on the shores of oceans, rolls large rocks along.  Strong and powerful waves on the shores of seas and oceans also roll rocks. These causes the sharp, rough and pointed edges of the rocks get knocked off and worn out in this process.  This is the reason why river rocks are so smooth & beach pebbles look as if somebody had polished them all his life.

  1. True

  2. False

  3. Can't say

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The passage states that specific rocks like marble and limestone undergo weathering from acid rain, and discusses erosion during monsoons. However, it never makes or supports the general claim that 'most of the rocks' are sensitive to monsoons. We cannot verify this broad statement from the limited information provided.

Multiple choice

Formation of landscapes is responsible for erosion.

Directions: Read the following passage and answer the following question.

One thing, probably the most significant one, that influences the life cycle of a rock is the natural phenomenon called Erosion. In fact, most of the enchanting landscapes that we find around the world today are a boon of this natural phenomenon. But it is not a blessing always. It can cause major problems as people living in different geographical regions in large numbers, with passage of time, get used to the environment of the region being in a certain way.    Any change in the topography that influences the overall environment can pose new challenges.  However, people can do many things to increase the pace of this phenomenon or slow it down to a great extent.  A significant factor that can cause erosion is of course weathering.
 
Water currents cause lot of erosion. Some times water falls as acid rain. Then it is capable of dissolving rock structures that are sensitive to acids.  For example Marble & limestone undergo weathering when exposed to acid rain. Apart from this, when it rains very heavily, as it happens during monsoons, it can cause flooding.  During the monsoons rivers and streams flow in full swing and the rushing water can cause mud slides and even erode large river banks. The huge waves in seas and oceans, which you can watch standing on a beach, cause much erosion. The continuous action of waves on the rocks pond them and with time, cliffs will crumble. This is the reason why you will often find sand & little pebbles on beaches instead of huge pieces of rocks.  Rushing water, like what we usually find in rivers and streams, moves very fast and as it runs down mountains or strong waves on the shores of oceans, rolls large rocks along.  Strong and powerful waves on the shores of seas and oceans also roll rocks. These causes the sharp, rough and pointed edges of the rocks get knocked off and worn out in this process.  This is the reason why river rocks are so smooth & beach pebbles look as if somebody had polished them all his life.

  1. True

  2. False

  3. Can't say

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The passage states that 'most of the enchanting landscapes that we find around the world today are a boon of this natural phenomenon [erosion].' This means erosion is responsible for landscape formation, not the other way around as the statement suggests.

Multiple choice

Monsoons result in floods.

Directions: Read the following passage and answer the following question.

One thing, probably the most significant one, that influences the life cycle of a rock is the natural phenomenon called Erosion. In fact, most of the enchanting landscapes that we find around the world today are a boon of this natural phenomenon. But it is not a blessing always. It can cause major problems as people living in different geographical regions in large numbers, with passage of time, get used to the environment of the region being in a certain way.    Any change in the topography that influences the overall environment can pose new challenges.  However, people can do many things to increase the pace of this phenomenon or slow it down to a great extent.  A significant factor that can cause erosion is of course weathering.
 
Water currents cause lot of erosion. Some times water falls as acid rain. Then it is capable of dissolving rock structures that are sensitive to acids.  For example Marble & limestone undergo weathering when exposed to acid rain. Apart from this, when it rains very heavily, as it happens during monsoons, it can cause flooding.  During the monsoons rivers and streams flow in full swing and the rushing water can cause mud slides and even erode large river banks. The huge waves in seas and oceans, which you can watch standing on a beach, cause much erosion. The continuous action of waves on the rocks pond them and with time, cliffs will crumble. This is the reason why you will often find sand & little pebbles on beaches instead of huge pieces of rocks.  Rushing water, like what we usually find in rivers and streams, moves very fast and as it runs down mountains or strong waves on the shores of oceans, rolls large rocks along.  Strong and powerful waves on the shores of seas and oceans also roll rocks. These causes the sharp, rough and pointed edges of the rocks get knocked off and worn out in this process.  This is the reason why river rocks are so smooth & beach pebbles look as if somebody had polished them all his life.

  1. True

  2. False

  3. Can't say

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The passage states that during monsoons 'it can cause flooding.' The word 'can' indicates possibility, not certainty. The passage doesn't state that monsoons always result in floods - only that they can. Therefore, we cannot definitively say whether monsoons result in floods or not based on the given information.

Multiple choice

Smooth beach pebbles used to be sharp edged rocks once upon a time.

Directions: Read the following passage and answer the following question.

One thing, probably the most significant one, that influences the life cycle of a rock is the natural phenomenon called Erosion. In fact, most of the enchanting landscapes that we find around the world today are a boon of this natural phenomenon. But it is not a blessing always. It can cause major problems as people living in different geographical regions in large numbers, with passage of time, get used to the environment of the region being in a certain way.    Any change in the topography that influences the overall environment can pose new challenges.  However, people can do many things to increase the pace of this phenomenon or slow it down to a great extent.  A significant factor that can cause erosion is of course weathering.
 
Water currents cause lot of erosion. Some times water falls as acid rain. Then it is capable of dissolving rock structures that are sensitive to acids.  For example Marble & limestone undergo weathering when exposed to acid rain. Apart from this, when it rains very heavily, as it happens during monsoons, it can cause flooding.  During the monsoons rivers and streams flow in full swing and the rushing water can cause mud slides and even erode large river banks. The huge waves in seas and oceans, which you can watch standing on a beach, cause much erosion. The continuous action of waves on the rocks pond them and with time, cliffs will crumble. This is the reason why you will often find sand & little pebbles on beaches instead of huge pieces of rocks.  Rushing water, like what we usually find in rivers and streams, moves very fast and as it runs down mountains or strong waves on the shores of oceans, rolls large rocks along.  Strong and powerful waves on the shores of seas and oceans also roll rocks. These causes the sharp, rough and pointed edges of the rocks get knocked off and worn out in this process.  This is the reason why river rocks are so smooth & beach pebbles look as if somebody had polished them all his life.

  1. True

  2. False

  3. Can't say

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The passage explains that rushing water and waves 'roll rocks along' and 'causes the sharp, rough and pointed edges of the rocks get knocked off and worn out in this process.' This clearly describes how sharp-edged rocks become smooth through erosion, making the statement true.

Multiple choice

Erosion is a problem for people as it keeps the environment in a certain way.

Directions: Read the following passage and answer the following question.

One thing, probably the most significant one, that influences the life cycle of a rock is the natural phenomenon called Erosion. In fact, most of the enchanting landscapes that we find around the world today are a boon of this natural phenomenon. But it is not a blessing always. It can cause major problems as people living in different geographical regions in large numbers, with passage of time, get used to the environment of the region being in a certain way.    Any change in the topography that influences the overall environment can pose new challenges.  However, people can do many things to increase the pace of this phenomenon or slow it down to a great extent.  A significant factor that can cause erosion is of course weathering.
 
Water currents cause lot of erosion. Some times water falls as acid rain. Then it is capable of dissolving rock structures that are sensitive to acids.  For example Marble & limestone undergo weathering when exposed to acid rain. Apart from this, when it rains very heavily, as it happens during monsoons, it can cause flooding.  During the monsoons rivers and streams flow in full swing and the rushing water can cause mud slides and even erode large river banks. The huge waves in seas and oceans, which you can watch standing on a beach, cause much erosion. The continuous action of waves on the rocks pond them and with time, cliffs will crumble. This is the reason why you will often find sand & little pebbles on beaches instead of huge pieces of rocks.  Rushing water, like what we usually find in rivers and streams, moves very fast and as it runs down mountains or strong waves on the shores of oceans, rolls large rocks along.  Strong and powerful waves on the shores of seas and oceans also roll rocks. These causes the sharp, rough and pointed edges of the rocks get knocked off and worn out in this process.  This is the reason why river rocks are so smooth & beach pebbles look as if somebody had polished them all his life.

  1. True

  2. False

  3. Can't say

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The passage states that erosion 'can cause major problems as people... get used to the environment of the region being in a certain way' and 'any change in the topography... can pose new challenges.' This indicates erosion changes the environment rather than keeping it the way it was, making the statement false.