Geography · Environmental Studies

Geomorphic Processes

2,085 Questions

Geomorphic processes shape the Earth surface through physical mechanisms like weathering, erosion, and deposition. This topic covers soil formation, glacial movement, and coastal landform development. It forms a core component of physical geography in major competitive examinations.

Soil erosion controlGlacial movementCoastal landformsSedimentary rock formationWeathering processes

Geomorphic Processes Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following is the wrong statement?

  1. Erosion is the transfer of soil from one place to another.

  2. Erosion is caused by natural forces like wind water and rain.

  3. People and animal do not cause soil erosion.

  4. Cutting down of trees causes soil erosion.

  5. Erosion carries away the fertile topsoil.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

No,  people and animal also cause soil erosion. People cause it by cutting down of trees and animals cause it by over grazing the fields. So this is a wrong statement.

Multiple choice

Match the following.

 
1. Soil Conservation A. Sliding away of loose rocks down the slope of a hill
2. Land slide B. Deposition of topsoil into rivers and lakes
3. Soil erosion C. Protecting the soil
4. Silting D. Removing of top soil

  1. 1 - C, 2 - A, 3 - D, 4 - B

  2. 1 - C, 2 - A, 3 - B, 4 - D

  3. 1 - C, 2 - B, 3 - A, 4 - D

  4. 1 - D, 2 - A, 3 - B, 4 - C

  5. 1 - B, 2 - A, 3 - C, 4 - D
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

This is a right answer. Soil conservation is protecting the soil from erosion.  Land slide is the sliding away of loose rocks down the slope of a hill. Soil erosion is the removal of top soil by natural forces like wind water and rain and deposition of top soil into rivers and lakes is called silting.

Multiple choice

A canyon is a deep ravine between cliffs often carved from the landscape by a river. The Grand Canyon of United States in the state of Arizona is carved by river

  1. Mississippi

  2. Colorado

  3. Rio Grande

  4. Mackenzie
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

A canyon is a deep ravine between cliffs often carved from the landscape by a river. Rivers have a natural tendency to reach a baseline elevation, which is the same elevation as the body of water it will eventually drain into, forming a canyon. 

Multiple choice

Which of the following is a feature formed by rivers?

  1. moraine

  2. inselberg

  3. cirque

  4. meander
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Meanders are characteristic features formed by rivers as they erode and deposit sediment on alternating banks, creating curved or winding channels. Moraines are glacial features, inselbergs are isolated rock hills, and cirques are glacially carved amphitheater-shaped valleys.

Multiple choice

The disintegration and decomposition of rocks is known as

  1. weathering

  2. erosion

  3. denudation

  4. mass washing
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Weathering is the in-place breakdown and decomposition of rocks through exposure to atmospheric agents like water, temperature changes, and chemical action. Erosion involves the removal and transport of weathered material. Denudation is the combined process of weathering and erosion.

Multiple choice

Which of the following options correctly defines weathering?

  1. The different layers of soil

  2. The less porous layer of soil

  3. The rotting dead matter in soil

  4. The breaking down of rocks

  5. The mixture of rock particles and humus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Soil is formed when rocks are broken down by the action of wind, water and climate. This process is called weathering.

Multiple choice

What term is given to a low-lying plain that is composed of stream-borne sediments deposited by a river at its mouth?

  1. Pediplain

  2. Delta

  3. Peneplain

  4. Coastal plain
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

A delta is a landform formed at the mouth of a river where it deposits sediment as it flows into a larger body of water like an ocean or lake. The river slows down, dropping its load of silt, sand, and clay, creating a triangular or fan-shaped low-lying plain. Pediplains are erosional plains, peneplains are nearly flat erosion surfaces, and coastal plains are broader features along coasts.

Multiple choice

Which one of the following statements is correct? Plateaus are the product of

  1. mature stage of cycle of erosion

  2. youth stage of cycle of erosion

  3. old stage of cycle of erosion

  4. rejuvenation of the old mountain
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Plateaus represent the mature stage of the cycle of erosion, where extensive leveling has occurred due to prolonged erosion. In the youth stage, steep slopes dominate, while the old stage is characterized by peneplains (nearly flat surfaces).

Multiple choice

Consider the following statements:

  1. Contour ploughing promotes soil erosion and the formation of gullies.
  2. Gully erosion is the removal of top soil and creation of many steep-sided cutting in a hillside. Which of the following statement is/are correct?

  1. 1 only

  2. 2 only

  3. Both 1 and 2

  4. Neither 1 nor b
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Contour ploughing actually helps prevent soil erosion by creating water barriers along contours, making statement 1 false. Statement 2 correctly defines gully erosion as the removal of topsoil creating steep-sided cuts.

Multiple choice

Consider the following landform characteristics:

  1. Stream divides are sharp and ridge-like resulting in a minimum of inter stream uplands
  2. Extensive areas are at or near the base level of erosion
  3. There are a few consequent trunk streams but few large tributaries. Numerous short tributaries and gullies are extending themselves by head ward erosion and developing valley systems. Which of the following is the orderly sequence of landform characteristics given above in an idealized Fluvial Cycle?

  1. 1 - 3 - 2

  2. 2 - 3 - 1

  3. 3 - 1 - 2

  4. 2 - 1 - 3
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The fluvial cycle of erosion progresses through: Youth (3) - few consequent streams, numerous short tributaries extending by headward erosion; Maturity (1) - sharp ridge-like divides, minimal uplands between streams; Old Age (2) - extensive areas near base level, broad valleys. Sequence: 3-1-2 matches option C.