Geography · Environmental Studies

Geomorphic Processes

2,120 Questions

Geomorphic processes shape the Earth surface through physical mechanisms like weathering, erosion, and deposition. This topic covers soil formation, glacial movement, and coastal landform development. It forms a core component of physical geography in major competitive examinations.

Soil erosion controlGlacial movementCoastal landformsSedimentary rock formationWeathering processes

Geomorphic Processes Questions

Multiple choice landforms on earth and external processes general physical geography general knowledge

Fluvial erosion is one of the most important exogenetic processes. On what factors does it depend?
(1) Channel gradient  (2) Volume of water
(3) Velocity of flow   (4) Water discharge   (5) Sediment load

  1. 1, 2 and 3

  2. 2, 4 and 5

  3. 1, 3 and 5

  4. All of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Fluvial erosion is driven by the energy of the water, which is a function of channel gradient, volume, velocity, discharge, and the sediment load it carries to abrade the channel.

Multiple choice landforms on earth and external processes general physical geography general knowledge

Which of the following is/are not erosional land forms?
(1) Cliff
(2) Caves
(3) Wave-cut platform

(4) Beaches

  1. 1 and 2

  2. 1 and 3

  3. All of above

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Cliffs, caves, and wave-cut platforms are erosional landforms created by wave action. Beaches are depositional landforms formed by the accumulation of sand and shingle.

Multiple choice landforms on earth and external processes general physical geography general knowledge

Physical weathering is another important form of denudational process. Choose correct statements regarding it:
(1) It can be broadly divided into 4 types.
(2) Exfoliation occurs only in dry areas.
(3) Frost is the most potent force of weathering in temperate region.
(4) Biotic weathering can take place only if it's preceded by chemical weathering.

  1. 1, 3 and 4

  2. 1 and 3

  3. 1, 2 and 3

  4. Only 1
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Statement (1) is correct: physical weathering is classified into 4 types - thermal, frost, pressure-release, and salt crystal weathering. Statement (2) is false: exfoliation occurs in both dry and humid areas. Statement (3) is correct: frost action (freeze-thaw cycles) is indeed the dominant weathering force in temperate regions. Statement (4) is false: biotic weathering (roots, burrowing animals) can occur independently. Therefore only 1 and 3 are correct.

Multiple choice biology origin and evolution of life fossilization geological time scale, extinctions and fossils concepts of evolution

............ is a process of fossilisation that occurs when an organism is buried.

  1. Humification

  2. Permineralization

  3. Vermicomposting

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Permineralization:- A process of fossilization in which mineral deposits form internal casts of organisms. Carried by water, these minerals fill the spaces within organic tissue.

This occurs when the pores of the plant materials, bones, and shells are impregnated by mineral matter from the ground, lakes, or ocean. In some cases, the wood fibers and cellulose dissolve and some minerals replace them.
So, the correct answer is "Permineralization".

Multiple choice geography rivers, coasts and glaciation rivers rivers and their work exogenic forces

The process which brings about a reduction in the difference in height between the high lands and the low lands is called ____________.

  1. Degradation

  2. Aggradation

  3. Gradation

  4. Weathering
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Gradation is the process of leveling the land surface by the combined action of degradation (wearing down) and aggradation (building up).

Multiple choice geography rivers, coasts and glaciation rivers rivers and their work exogenic forces

Which sequence of processes occurs in the correct order?

  1. weathering, erosion, transportation

  2. erosion, weathering, transportation

  3. erosion, transportation, weathering

  4. All of these processes occur at the same time.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
  • Weathering is the breakdown of rocks and materials attached to the earth's surface.
  • Erosion is the removal of material from their original place on earth's surface after it has been weathered.
  • Transportation is the movement of the eroded materials to long distances by the actions of various agents like water, wind etc.
  • Hence the sequence will be weathering, erosion and transportation
Multiple choice geography rivers, coasts and glaciation rivers rivers and their work exogenic forces

Weathering involves the ___________.

  1. picking up of rock fragments.

  2. movement of rock fragments.

  3. mechanical and chemical breakup of rocks.

  4. formation of rocks by the action of weather.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Weathering refers to the breakdown or disintegration and decomposition of rocks in situ through mechanical and chemical changes in the rocks. Weathering by itself is a static process and does not involve removal of the material. The products of weathering tend to accumulate in a soft surface layer.

Multiple choice geography rivers, coasts and glaciation rivers rivers and their work exogenic forces

Which one of the following is not the agents of weathering?

  1. Soil

  2. Glaciers

  3. Wind

  4. Rain water
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
  • Glaciers, winds and rainwater are the agents of wethering which imply they are the forces that carry out the breakdown of materials over the earth's surface
  • Soil is the material which is formed as the result of wethering hence it is not the agent of wethering and this is the right answer.
Multiple choice geography rivers, coasts and glaciation rivers rivers and their work exogenic forces

Wearing away or breaking down or gradual disintegration of rocks by agents is called __________.

  1. weathering

  2. denudation

  3. deposition

  4. transportation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Weathering is the breaking down of rocks, soil, and minerals as well as wood and artificial materials through contact with the Earth's atmosphere, waters, and biological organisms. Weathering occurs in situ, that is, in the same place, with little or no movement, and thus should not be confused with erosion, which involves the movement of rocks and minerals by agents such as water, ice, snow, wind, waves and gravity and then being transported and deposited in other locations.

Multiple choice geography rivers, coasts and glaciation rivers rivers and their work exogenic forces

When water penetrates through sandstone rocks, the particles get loose and separate from the main rock. What type of weathering is this ?

  1. Granular weathering

  2. Mechanical weathering

  3. Chemical weathering

  4. Biological weathering
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

When water penetrates through sandstone rocks, the particles get loose and separate from the main rock. This is called granular weathering.

Multiple choice geography rivers, coasts and glaciation rivers rivers and their work exogenic forces

Breaking or weakening of rocks is called _________.

  1. weathering

  2. erosion

  3. landslide

  4. mass movement
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Weathering refers to the breakdown or disintegration and decomposition of rocks in situ through mechanical and chemical changes in rock. The nature and magnitude of weathering differs from place to place and region to region. 

Multiple choice geography rivers, coasts and glaciation rivers rivers and their work exogenic forces

When water penetrates through the rocks, the particles get loose and separate from the main rock, this type of weathering is called ______________.

  1. chemical weathering

  2. biological weathering

  3. granular weathering

  4. none of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Weathering is a process used to explain the breakdown of the rocks due to exposure to the atmosphere. Weathering down of the rock into small pieces is called disintegration. It is in granular weathering, when water penetrates through the rocks, the particles get loose and separate from the main rock. It is a process where a rock disintegrates due to frost action. The water in the rocks freezes as well as liquify at the same time. The rock disintegrates because of heating and cooling at the same time, which result in the expansion and contraction of minerals in the rock breaking it into small pieces.