Geography · Environmental Studies

Geomorphic Processes

2,085 Questions

Geomorphic processes shape the Earth surface through physical mechanisms like weathering, erosion, and deposition. This topic covers soil formation, glacial movement, and coastal landform development. It forms a core component of physical geography in major competitive examinations.

Soil erosion controlGlacial movementCoastal landformsSedimentary rock formationWeathering processes

Geomorphic Processes Questions

Multiple choice geography rivers, coasts and glaciation rivers rivers and their work exogenic forces

Wearing away or breaking down or gradual disintegration of rocks by agents is called __________.

  1. weathering

  2. denudation

  3. deposition

  4. transportation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Weathering is the breaking down of rocks, soil, and minerals as well as wood and artificial materials through contact with the Earth's atmosphere, waters, and biological organisms. Weathering occurs in situ, that is, in the same place, with little or no movement, and thus should not be confused with erosion, which involves the movement of rocks and minerals by agents such as water, ice, snow, wind, waves and gravity and then being transported and deposited in other locations.

Multiple choice geography rivers, coasts and glaciation rivers rivers and their work exogenic forces

Which of the following plays important role in chemical weathering?

  1. Temperature

  2. Water

  3. Crystal growth

  4. Frost
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Water plays an important role in chemical weathering. Rock is a mixture of many minerals and water is a universal solvent. Chemical weathering takes place in the areas which receives heavy rainfall. Chemical weathering occurs in the following ways: Carbonation, Solution and Oxidation.

Multiple choice geography rivers, coasts and glaciation rivers rivers and their work exogenic forces

When water penetrates through sandstone rocks, the particles get loose and separate from the main rock. What type of weathering is this ?

  1. Granular weathering

  2. Mechanical weathering

  3. Chemical weathering

  4. Biological weathering
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

When water penetrates through sandstone rocks, the particles get loose and separate from the main rock. This is called granular weathering.

Multiple choice geography rivers, coasts and glaciation rivers rivers and their work exogenic forces

Breaking or weakening of rocks is called _________.

  1. weathering

  2. erosion

  3. landslide

  4. mass movement
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Weathering refers to the breakdown or disintegration and decomposition of rocks in situ through mechanical and chemical changes in rock. The nature and magnitude of weathering differs from place to place and region to region. 

Multiple choice geography rivers, coasts and glaciation rivers rivers and their work exogenic forces

When water penetrates through the rocks, the particles get loose and separate from the main rock, this type of weathering is called ______________.

  1. chemical weathering

  2. biological weathering

  3. granular weathering

  4. none of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Weathering is a process used to explain the breakdown of the rocks due to exposure to the atmosphere. Weathering down of the rock into small pieces is called disintegration. It is in granular weathering, when water penetrates through the rocks, the particles get loose and separate from the main rock. It is a process where a rock disintegrates due to frost action. The water in the rocks freezes as well as liquify at the same time. The rock disintegrates because of heating and cooling at the same time, which result in the expansion and contraction of minerals in the rock breaking it into small pieces.

Multiple choice geography rivers, coasts and glaciation rivers rivers and their work exogenic forces

Carbonation, solution and oxidation are the process of ________.

  1. mechanical weathering

  2. biological weathering

  3. chemical weathering

  4. none of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Decomposition and disintegration and decomposition of rocks due to chemical reaction is called chemical weathering. Chemical weathering takes place through the process of solution, oxidation and carbonation. Solution refers to the dissolution of soluble particles and minerals from the rocks with the help of water in motion. The atmospheric oxygen in rain water when meet with mineral like iron, rusting takes place and the colour of the rock changes. The process is called oxidation. When the carbon dioxide present in water reacts with rocks new chemical substances like calcium carbonation and iron carbonate are formed. This process is called carbonation. 

Multiple choice geography rivers, coasts and glaciation rivers rivers and their work exogenic forces

Exogenetic process includes _________.

  1. weathering

  2. erosion

  3. mass wasting

  4. all of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The exogenetic forces or processes are originated from the atmosphere. These forces are continuously engaged in the destruction of the relief features created by the endogenertic forces through their weathering, erosion, mass movement. 

Multiple choice geography rivers, coasts and glaciation rivers rivers and their work exogenic forces

What is the name given to the group of weathering processes associated with the action of organism _____________.

  1. Physical weathering

  2. Mechanical weathering

  3. Biological weathering

  4. Chemical weathering
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Biological weathering refers to decomposition and disintegration of rocks due to organic material of both flora and fauna. Production of different kinds of organic acids such as humic acids, baterial acids, microfaunal acids etc produced by organic materials help in the decomposition and disintegration of rocks and soils.

Multiple choice geography rivers, coasts and glaciation rivers rivers and their work exogenic forces

Weathering is the process of breaking up the rocks by weather changes such as _____________.

  1. Moisture

  2. Precipitation

  3. Temperature

  4. All of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Weathering describes the breaking down or dissolving of rocks and minerals on the surface of the Earth. Water, ice, acids, salts, plants, animals, and changes in weather conditions like temperature, moisture, precipitation, are all agents of weathering.

Multiple choice geography rivers, coasts and glaciation rivers rivers and their work exogenic forces

Which sequence of processes occurs in the correct order?

  1. Erosion, weathering, transportation

  2. Erosion, transportation, weathering

  3. Weathering, erosion, transportation

  4. All of these processes occur at the same time.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

  • The correct sequence of events of the soil erosion process is weathering, erosion, transportation.
  • Weathering: It is a process by which small rocks are broken down into further smaller pieces.
  • Erosion: The small fragments of rocks or dust formed by weathering process is moved by wind or water.
  • Transportation: This is the process by which the sand or rock fragments are carried on to the other places.

Multiple choice geography rivers rivers and their work exogenic forces exogenic processes part-1

The erosion of soil by river mainly depends upon its ________________.

  1. width

  2. length

  3. speed with which it flows

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The erosive power of a river is directly related to its kinetic energy, which is determined by its mass (volume) and the square of its velocity (speed).

Multiple choice geography rivers rivers and their work exogenic forces exogenic processes part-1

Erosion, transportation and deposition are factors of _________.

  1. River

  2. Soil

  3. Both a and b

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Erosion is the action of surface processes that remove soil, rock, or dissolved material from one location on the Earth's crust, and then transport it away to another location. The particulate breakdown of rock or soil into clastic sediment is referred to as physical or mechanical erosion; this contrasts with chemical erosion, where soil or rock material is removed from an area by its dissolving into a solvent, followed by the flow away of that solution. Eroded sediment or solutes may be transported just a few millimeters, or for thousands of kilometers.

Natural rates of erosion are controlled by the action of geomorphic drivers, such as rainfall or bedrock wear in rivers or coastal erosion by the sea and waves or glacial plucking, abrasion, and scour; areal flooding; wind abrasion; groundwater processes; and mass movement processes in steep landscapes like landslides and debris flows.