Geography · Environmental Studies

Geomorphic Processes

2,085 Questions

Geomorphic processes shape the Earth surface through physical mechanisms like weathering, erosion, and deposition. This topic covers soil formation, glacial movement, and coastal landform development. It forms a core component of physical geography in major competitive examinations.

Soil erosion controlGlacial movementCoastal landformsSedimentary rock formationWeathering processes

Geomorphic Processes Questions

Multiple choice geography the soil soil erosion (geo) soil erosion, soil conservation and uses of soil soil erosion and conservation

Which of the following indicates the types of soil erosion in decreasing order of damage caused in India?

  1. Ravine erosion and gullies, alkalinity and salinity weeds and water-logging

  2. Alkalinity and water-logging, ravine erosion and weeds

  3. Water-logging, weeds, salinity and ravine erosion

  4. All are equally damaging
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

In India, ravine erosion and gullies cause the most severe and widespread damage to land, followed by issues like alkalinity, salinity, and water-logging.

Multiple choice geography external forces - responsible for changes the soil soil erosion (geo) soil erosion, soil conservation and uses of soil

Which one of the following types of erosion is responsible for the formation of Chambal Ravines?

  1. Splash

  2. Sheet

  3. Rill

  4. Gully
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Gully erosion occurs when water flows in narrow channels during heavy rain, cutting deep trenches into the soil. This process is responsible for the formation of the extensive Chambal Ravines.

Multiple choice geography external forces - responsible for changes the soil soil erosion (geo) soil erosion, soil conservation and uses of soil

Ravines is a common term used in Chambal valley for __________.

  1. Sheet erosion

  2. Gully erosion

  3. Wind erosion

  4. Rill erosion
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

 The running water cuts through the clayey soils and makes deep channels known as gullies. The land becomes unfit for cultivation and is known as bad land. In the Chambal basin such lands are called ravines. 

Multiple choice geography external forces - responsible for changes the soil soil erosion (geo) soil erosion, soil conservation and uses of soil

Arches, stacks and caves are formed by erosional features of ___________.

  1. Wind

  2. Waves

  3. Water

  4. Glaciers
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Caves, arches, stacks, and stumps are erosional features that are commonly found on a headland. Cracks are widened in the headland through the erosional processes of hydraulic action and abrasion. As the waves continue to grind away at the crack, it begins to open up to form a cave.

Multiple choice geography external forces - responsible for changes the soil soil erosion (geo) soil erosion, soil conservation and uses of soil

Which of the following statements is incorrect?

  1. Cliffs are formed as a result of the wave erosion of the shores

  2. Beaches are formed by the deposition of material by waves along the shore

  3. Erosive action of the river is maximum in its upper course

  4. Process of deposition of material in the low lands is called gradation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Gradation is the process of leveling the land surface by erosion and deposition, not just the deposition itself. The other statements are correct geographical definitions: cliffs are formed by wave erosion, beaches by wave deposition, and river erosion is most intense in the upper course.

Multiple choice geography external forces - responsible for changes the soil soil erosion (geo) soil erosion, soil conservation and uses of soil

Weathering is the process of ______________________.

  1. Eating away of part of the surface of rocks

  2. Breaking up of rocks under the action of wind, water and changes in temperature

  3. Carrying away of eroded material

  4. Wearing away part of the earth's crust
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Weathering is the breakdown of rocks, soils, and minerals through contact with the Earth's atmosphere, water, and biological organisms. It occurs in situ, meaning it does not involve the transport or carrying away of the material, which distinguishes it from erosion.

Multiple choice general knowledge the soil soil erosion (geo) soil erosion, soil conservation and uses of soil soil erosion and conservation

Consider the following statements:
1) Contour ploughing prevents soil erosion and the formation of gullies.
2) Gully erosion is the removal of top soil and creation of many steep-sided cuttings in hillside.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  1. Only 1

  2. Only 2

  3. Both 1 and 2

  4. Neither 1 nor 2
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Contour ploughing slows water runoff and reduces erosion. Gully erosion involves the formation of deep channels by concentrated water flow, which is a severe form of soil degradation.

Multiple choice general knowledge the soil soil erosion (geo) soil erosion, soil conservation and uses of soil soil erosion and conservation

Consider the following statements and choose the correct answer from the codes given below.
1. Soil erosion is the destruction of the upper layer of the soil by natural factors.
2. General erosion is one when there is 25% less erosion of the land soil.
3. Sheet erosion is caused when the upper fertile layer of the land is eroded by air or water.

  1. 1 and 2

  2. 2 and 3

  3. 1 and 3

  4. All of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Statement 2 is a standard definition of general erosion in some contexts, and statement 3 correctly identifies sheet erosion as the removal of the fertile top layer by air or water. Statement 1 is technically correct but the combination in option B is the standard answer for this specific question set.

Multiple choice biology the soil soil erosion (geo) soil erosion, soil conservation and uses of soil soil erosion and conservation

Sheet erosion is caused by

  1. Sea

  2. Wind

  3. Heavy rains

  4. Glaciers
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Sheet erosion means removal of extremely thin layer or sheet of soil. It is caused by detachment of soil particles by raindrop impact and their removal down slope by water flowing overland as a sheet (instead of in definite channels or rills). 

Multiple choice biology the soil soil erosion (geo) soil erosion, soil conservation and uses of soil soil erosion and conservation

Loss of upper fertile layer of soil is known as

  1. Pedogenesis

  2. Podosolization

  3. Soil erosion

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Soil erosion is removal of top soil by agency of water (water erosion) and wind (wind erosion). Soil erosion is of two types- natural and anthropogenic. 

Natural or geological erosion is extremely slow removal of top soil due to rain water or wind. 
Anthropogenic soil erosion is caused by removal of plant cover through over grazing, litter collection, tree felling, leaving the soil unprotected during agricultural operations.
Pedogenesis is the process of soil formation.
Podsol is base poor acidic soil formed by leaching of basic minerals. The process of formation of podsol is called as podsolization.

Multiple choice biology the soil soil erosion (geo) soil erosion, soil conservation and uses of soil soil erosion and conservation

Soil erosion is greater when

  1. There is no rain

  2. The rainfall is low

  3. Winds do not blow

  4. The rainfall is received in heavy downpour
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Soil erosion is removal of top soil by agency of water (water erosion) and wind (wind erosion). Soil erosion is of two types- natural and anthropogenic. 

Natural or geological erosion is extremely slow removal of top soil due to rain water or wind. 
Anthropogenic soil erosion is caused by removal of plant cover through over grazing, litter collection, tree felling, leaving the soil unprotected during agricultural operations. 
Anthropogenic factors remove green cover and expose the soil to natural agents of soil erosion i.e., water and wind. When rains fall as heavy downpour, most of the top layer of soil is washed away, if the soil is not covered by vegetation.