Geography · Environmental Studies

Geomorphic Processes

2,120 Questions

Geomorphic processes shape the Earth surface through physical mechanisms like weathering, erosion, and deposition. This topic covers soil formation, glacial movement, and coastal landform development. It forms a core component of physical geography in major competitive examinations.

Soil erosion controlGlacial movementCoastal landformsSedimentary rock formationWeathering processes

Geomorphic Processes Questions

Multiple choice biology the soil soil erosion (geo) soil erosion, soil conservation and uses of soil soil erosion and conservation

Soil erosion is greater when

  1. There is no rain

  2. The rainfall is low

  3. Winds do not blow

  4. The rainfall is received in heavy down pour
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Heavy downpours provide high kinetic energy that dislodges soil particles more effectively than gentle, steady rain. This rapid runoff carries away the topsoil before it can be absorbed.

Multiple choice evs - i the soil soil erosion (geo) soil erosion, soil conservation and uses of soil soil erosion and conservation sustainability of natural resources adaptations - mangrove swamps, fast flowing rivers and treetops halophiles

Soil erosion is greater when 

  1. No rain occurs

  2. Winds do not blow

  3. The rainfall is evenly distributed

  4. The rainfall is received in heavy down pour
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Soil erosion involves the removal of the top layer of soil which adversely affects the fertility of the soil. Heavy rainfall leads to splashing of soil. However, the majority of the soil splashed is not immediately lost from the field. Most of the splashed soil particles don't leave the field, they clog surface pores, which in turn reduces water infiltration, increases water runoff, and increases soil erosion.

So, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice biology the soil soil erosion (geo) soil erosion, soil conservation and uses of soil soil erosion and conservation

The removal of land surface by water, wind or ice is known as

  1. Seepage

  2. Sewage

  3. Erosion

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

When the upper layer is displaced from one area to another, the process is called soil erosion. Erosion of land is a natural process. It starts with the displacement of soil particles under the influence of natural factors like water, wind or even ice. The forceful and rapid movement of all these leads to movement of soil along with it.

Seepage is the term used for percolation of water inside the soil. Sewage means drainage facilities.
So, option C "Erosion" is the correct option

Multiple choice biology the soil soil erosion (geo) soil erosion, soil conservation and uses of soil soil erosion and conservation

More soil erosion occurs where there is

  1. No rainfall

  2. Low rainfall

  3. High rainfail

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
Soil erosion is defined as the wearing away of topsoil. Topsoil is the top layer of soil and is the most fertile because it contains the most organic, nutrient-rich materials. Therefore, this is the layer that farmers want to protect for growing their crops and ranchers want to protect for growing grasses for their cattle to graze on.
Precipitation is the most forceful factor causing erosion.
Erosion is dependent on the amount, duration, intensity and frequency of rainfall. By the action of dashing rain drops on soil, soil granules are loosened, detached and separated into fine particles. Erosion is greater where the rainfall is not only heavy, but concentrated over short periods.
Multiple choice biology the soil soil erosion (geo) soil erosion, soil conservation and uses of soil soil erosion and conservation

Which of the following phenomena take place when the top layer of soil is exposed?

  1. Soil erosion

  2. Infertile soil

  3. Both A and B

  4. Good quality new soil
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

If the top layer or soil is exposed, then it will gradually expose the lower layer of soil, which is hard and rocky in nature. This type of soil is less fertile as it contains less humus. Continued soil erosion will make the land barren or infertile.

Soil erosion is defined as the wearing away of topsoil. Topsoil is the top layer of soil and is the most fertile because it contains the most organic, nutrient-rich materials. Therefore, this is the layer that farmers want to protect for growing their crops and ranchers want to protect for growing grasses for their cattle to graze on.
In short, when top layer of soil is exposed, it results in soil erosion and infertile soil.

Multiple choice biology the soil soil erosion (geo) soil erosion, soil conservation and uses of soil soil erosion and conservation

Removal of top fertile layer of soil by wind or water is called as

  1. Leaching

  2. Erosion

  3. Siltation

  4. Weathering
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
Soil erosion is the washing or blowing away (by wind or water) of the top layer of soil (dirt). This is a serious problem for farmers. Crops are the foods that farmers grow. If the soil has eroded, the crops will not grow very well.
Therefore, the correct answer is option B.
Multiple choice biology the soil soil erosion (geo) soil erosion, soil conservation and uses of soil soil erosion and conservation

Soil erosion is due to

  1. Fast running rivers

  2. Heavy rains

  3. Occasional rains

  4. Wind
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The process of soil erosion is the washing away of the upper fertile layer of the soil. The roots of the trees and plants are responsible for holding the soil. When there is heavy rain and there are no plants in the area, the layer of the soil gets carried away along with the water. 

Thus, the correct answer is option B. 

Multiple choice biology the soil soil erosion (geo) soil erosion, soil conservation and uses of soil soil erosion and conservation

Removal of topsoil by wind and water is called as

  1. Soil conservation

  2. Soil binding

  3. Soil erosion

  4. Mulching
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Soil is formed as a result of weathering of rocks. There are also many living organisms in the soil. Soil is, in fact a product of the interaction of living organisms with rocks. Soil has many layers. The topmost layer is called the topsoil and is the most fertile. The removal of this topsoil is called soil erosion. Water and wind cause the topsoil to be removed. Soil erosion is mainly associated with deforestation and agriculture. The main cause of soil erosion is the removal of vegetation. 

Multiple choice biology the soil soil erosion (geo) soil erosion, soil conservation and uses of soil soil erosion and conservation

The removal of topsoil by water and wind is called as

  1. Soil tilling

  2. Soil erosion

  3. Soil mulching

  4. Weathering
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The surface layer of land is called as soil. Topsoil is the uppermost layer of the Earth's surface layers. Top soil is soft and light and can be carried away easily. Water and wind cause the topsoil to be removed. This process of carrying of top soil by wind and water is called as soil erosion. 

Multiple choice biology the soil soil erosion (geo) soil erosion, soil conservation and uses of soil soil erosion and conservation

How does seeding of areas help in reducing soil erosion?

  1. By allowing flow of water

  2. By collecting runoff water

  3. By avoiding water

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Seeding areas increases vegetation, which helps in slowing down water flow and collecting runoff, thereby reducing the amount of soil carried away by water.

Multiple choice evs - i the soil soil erosion (geo) soil erosion, soil conservation and uses of soil soil erosion and conservation sustainability of natural resources adaptations - mangrove swamps, fast flowing rivers and treetops halophiles

Uniform soil erosion by running water is

  1. Gully erosion

  2. Rill erosion

  3. Riparian erosion

  4. Sheet erosion
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Soil erosion is removal of top soil by agency of water (water erosion) and wind (wind erosion). Soil erosion is of two types- natural and anthropogenic. 

Natural or geological erosion is extremely slow removal of top soil due to rain water or wind. 
Anthropogenic soil erosion is caused by removal of plant cover through over grazing, litter collection, tree felling, leaving the soil unprotected during agricultural operations. 
Sheet erosion means removal of extremely thin layer or sheet of soil. It is caused by detachment of soil particles by raindrop impact and their removal downslope by water flowing overland as a sheet (instead of flowing in definite channels or rills). 

Multiple choice biology the soil soil erosion (geo) soil erosion, soil conservation and uses of soil soil erosion and conservation

Removal of soil by the action of wind and water is known as

  1. Soil erosion

  2. Soil conservation

  3. Salination

  4. Calcification
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

(a) Top soil is the vital part of the soil and serves as the chief source of nutrition for plants. Loss or disturbance of top soil by natural agents like water, wind, gravity or ice is called soil erosion.