Geography · Environmental Studies

Geomorphic Processes

2,085 Questions

Geomorphic processes shape the Earth surface through physical mechanisms like weathering, erosion, and deposition. This topic covers soil formation, glacial movement, and coastal landform development. It forms a core component of physical geography in major competitive examinations.

Soil erosion controlGlacial movementCoastal landformsSedimentary rock formationWeathering processes

Geomorphic Processes Questions

Multiple choice geography the challenging face of the earth and landforms the soil soil erosion (geo) soil erosion, soil conservation and uses of soil

The process of decomposition and disintegration of rocks is called ______________.

  1. Denudation

  2. Erosion

  3. Weathering

  4. Gradation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Weathering is the general term for the breakdown of rocks at the Earth's surface through physical, chemical, and biological processes without significant transport, which distinguishes it from erosion.

Multiple choice geography the challenging face of the earth and landforms the soil soil erosion (geo) soil erosion, soil conservation and uses of soil

Chemical weathering is a name given to __________________.

  1. Disintegration of rocks without any change in their chemical composition

  2. Chemical interaction of oxygen carbon-dioxide or water with the rocks

  3. Removal of soil by chemical action

  4. Washing away of rocks by water
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Chemical weathering involves the alteration of the internal structure of minerals by removing or adding elements, typically through reactions with water, oxygen, or carbon dioxide.

Multiple choice geography europe - location, political divisions and physical features mediterranean climatic region location, political and physical divisions of europe environmental regions

The topography of an area could refer to the surface shapes and features themselves, Europe show _________.

  1. Rolling topography

  2. Mountain topography

  3. Karst topography

  4. All of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Rolling topography,
Topography means the specific arrangement of natural and artificial physical features of an area.Rolling topography is a further division in topography. Rolling topography is any land formation that is not high enough to be considered a mountain. Rolling topography is formed by erosion or some other force in nature like glaciers. Rolling topography can also be formed by the eruption of volcanoes over time.

Mountain topography,
The formation of the highly weathered mountain range began with mountain building in the Proterozoic Era that continued in the Paleozoic Era through Permian Period (between about 1 billion and 265 million years ago). Uplift renewed during the Cenozoic Era about 65 million years ago, and the modern landscape began to form. The range now consists of gneiss and schist bedrock formed from the re-crystallization of sedimentary, volcanic, and igneous material. Over time, the geology of the region has become a dissected landscape of rounded peaks and wide concave valleys defined on the east by a steep escarpment rising 1,800 feet over the neighboring section. The ranges consist of low (<2,300 feet), moderate (2,300 – 4,000 feet), and high (4,000 – 6,560 feet) peaks. The range has 82 peaks greater than 5,000 feet and 43 peaks greater than 6,000 feet. Mid-elevation soils are deep, well-drained, and acidic, and are classified as “infertile sandy” or “gravelly loam,” while high-elevation soils typically have high organic content.

Karst topography,
Karst is a topography formed from the dissolution of soluble rocks such as limestone, dolomite, and gypsum. It is characterized by underground drainage systems with sinkholes and caves.
Multiple choice geography europe - location, political divisions and physical features mediterranean climatic region location, political and physical divisions of europe environmental regions

Fjords are formed by the action of __________.

  1. water

  2. glacier

  3. wind

  4. sea waves
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Glacier
A fjord is formed when a glacier retreats, after carving its typical U-shaped valley, and the sea fills the resulting valley floor. This forms a narrow, steep sided inlet (sometimes deeper than 1300 metres) connected to the sea. The terminal moraine pushed down the valley by the glacier is left underwater at the fjord’s entrance, causing the water at the neck of the fjord to be shallower than the main body of the fjord behind it.

Multiple choice geography europe - location, political divisions and physical features mediterranean climatic region location, political and physical divisions of europe environmental regions

Glacier action which led to the formation of long and narrow inlets of the sea, with steep land on three side is called ______________.

  1. estuaries

  2. u-shaped valley

  3. fjords

  4. straits
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Fjords,

A true fjord is formed when a glacier cuts a U-shaped valley by ice segregation and abrasion of the surrounding bedrock. According to the standard model, glaciers formed in pre-glacial valleys with a gently sloping valley floor. The work of the glacier then left an overdeepened U-shaped valley that ends abruptly at a valley or trough end. Such valleys are fjords when flooded by the ocean. Thresholds above sea level create freshwater lakes. Glacial melting is accompanied by the rebounding of Earth's crust as the ice load and eroded sediment is removed (also called isostasy or glacial rebound). In some cases this rebound is faster than sea level rise. Most fjords are deeper than the adjacent sea; Sognefjord, Norway, reaches as much as 1,300 m (4,265 ft) below sea level. Fjords generally have a sill or shoal (bedrock) at their mouth caused by the previous glacier's reduced erosion rate and terminal moraine. In many cases this sill causes extreme currents and large saltwater rapids (see skookumchuck). Saltstraumen in Norway is often described as the world's strongest tidal current. These characteristics distinguish fjords from rias (e.g. the Bay of Kotor), which are drowned valleys flooded by the rising sea. Drammensfjorden is cut almost in two by the Svelvik "ridge", a sandy moraine that during the ice cover was under sea level but after the post-glacial rebound reaches 60 m (200 ft) above the fjord.

Multiple choice

What is one way that animals can cause physical weathering?

  1. by moving from one area to another

  2. by consumption

  3. by digging burrows

  4. through decomposition
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Animals that burrow into the ground physically displace soil and rock, which can lead to the breaking and weathering of rock materials.