Geography · General Awareness

Geology and Earth Structure

1,268 Questions

Geology and Earth Structure explores the physical composition of the planet, including its layers, tectonic plates, and seismic activity. This topic is a core component of geography and general science sections in various competitive exams. Reviewing these concepts builds a solid foundation for answering questions related to natural phenomena.

Layers of the EarthTectonic PlatesEarthquakes and VolcanoesGeomagnetism ApplicationsGeophysical MethodsLandform Formation

Geology and Earth Structure Questions

Multiple choice geography water bodies study of water pollution threats to water resource pollution and environment

A rift valley is formed mainly due to ___________________.

  1. forces of tension in the earth's crust

  2. the subsidence of the floor of a river valley

  3. the valley formed after the formation of fold mountains

  4. the deepening of a valley by ice action
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

A rift valley is formed mainly due to the subsidence of the floor of a river valley. A rift valley is formed on a divergent plate boundary, a crustal extension or spreading apart of the surface, which is subsequently further deepened by the forces of erosion.


A rift valley is a linear shaped lowland between several highlands or mountain ranges created by the action of a geologic rift or fault. A rift valley is formed on a divergent plate boundary, a crustal extension or spreading apart of the surface, which is subsequently further deepened by the forces of erosion.

Multiple choice geography water bodies study of water pollution threats to water resource pollution and environment

The process of subduction produces a _________ in sea.

  1. Fold

  2. Valley

  3. Trench

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The process of subduction produces a trench in sea.
The process by which ocean floor sinks beneath a deep-ocean trench and back into the mantle is called subduction (sub duk shun). As subduction occurs, crust closer to a mid-ocean ridge moves away from the ridge and toward a deep-ocean trench. Sea-floor spreading and subduction work together.

Multiple choice geography environmental changes elements of weather and climate : temperature process of heat transfer in the atmosphere environmental regions (zones)

Terrestrial radiation is long waves _________.

  1. radiated by the earth

  2. reflected by the earth

  3. both A and B

  4. none of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Radiation is the direct heating by the transmission of the heat waves. The upper layer of the atmosphere absorbs some amount of heat of the sun as they pass through the atmosphere. Radiation from the earth is called terrestrial radiation. Terrestrial radiation is long wave radiated by the earth. 

Multiple choice evs when there is a disaster disaster and types disasters forest fire

The seismic waves produced in a sea is known as

  1. Tsunami

  2. Earthquake

  3. Flood

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

A tsunami is a series of waves in a water body caused by the displacement of a large volume of water, typically due to earthquakes or volcanic eruptions.

Multiple choice evs when there is a disaster disaster and types disasters forest fire

Which of the following is the main cause of earthquake?

  1. Change in temperature and pressure below the ground level

  2. Floods

  3. Draught

  4. shifting of tectonic plates
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Earthquakes are caused by tectonic movement of rock plates in the earth where the rock plates also known as tectonic plates either break at a point of fault or rub against the other thus causing shaking of the ground.
So, the correct answer is 'shifting of tectonic plates'
Multiple choice evs when there is a disaster disaster and types disasters forest fire

The point of the origination of an earthquake is known as

  1. Cyclone

  2. Epicentre

  3. Seismic wave

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The point within the Earth where an earthquake rupture starts is called the hypocenter or focus, while the point directly above it on the surface is the epicenter.

Multiple choice evs when there is a disaster disaster and types disasters forest fire

Which of the following cause can be related to an earthquake?

  1. Friction between the plates of the earth

  2. Tremors due to the internal movements of plates

  3. Increased sea level

  4. Both A and B
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Earthquakes are primarily caused by the movement of tectonic plates, which involves friction and tremors as they slide past or collide with each other.

Multiple choice evs when there is a disaster disaster and types disasters forest fire

Point of origin of earthquake is called

  1. Seismic focus

  2. Epicentre

  3. Tectonic fault

  4. Tectonic gap.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The seismic focus (or hypocenter) is the point inside the Earth where an earthquake rupture starts, while the epicenter is the point on the surface directly above it.

Multiple choice evs when there is a disaster disaster and types disasters forest fire

Earthquakes are caused due to

  1. The shift of the tectonic plates present on the earths crust

  2. The shift of the tectonic plates present on the earths core

  3. The shift of the tectonic plates present on the earths mantle

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
  • Earthquake is a sudden violent shaking of the ground, typically causing great destruction, as a result of movements within the earth's crust and the sudden release of energy in the Earth's lithosphere that creates seismic waves.
  • Tectonic plates are pieces of Earth's crust. Together with upper mantle, it is called the lithosphere.
  • Earthquakes are caused due to the shift of the tectonic plates present on the crust of the earth.
  • So, the correct answer is 'The shift of the tectonic plates present on the earth crust'.
Multiple choice evs when there is a disaster disaster and types disasters forest fire

How are earthquakes recorded?

  1. By a seismograph

  2. With the help of quake meter

  3. Richter meter

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
  • Earthquake is a sudden violent shaking of the ground, typically causing great destruction, as a result of movements within the earth's crust and the sudden release of energy in the Earth's lithosphere that creates seismic waves.
  • A seismograph, or seismometer, is an instrument used to detect and record earthquakes. Generally, it consists of a mass attached to a fixed base. During an earthquake, the base moves and the mass does not.
  • Hence earthquakes recorded by a seismograph.
  • So, the correct answer is 'By a seismograph'.
Multiple choice evs when there is a disaster disaster and types disasters forest fire

Earthquake occurs in the region of jammed tectonic plates during

  1. Jamming

  2. Build up of pressure after jamming

  3. Release of stress from the area of jammed tectonic plates

  4. Both B and C.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Earthquakes are caused by the sudden release of accumulated energy when tectonic plates, which have been locked or jammed, finally slip past each other. This release of stress generates seismic waves.