Biology · Geography

Fossils and Geological Eras

1,078 Questions

Fossils and geological eras provide a window into the history of the Earth. This topic covers prehistoric life, mass extinctions, and the geological time scale. It is an important part of the general science syllabus for many aptitude tests.

Geological time scaleTypes of fossilsPrehistoric lifeAncient climates

Fossils and Geological Eras Questions

Multiple choice history heritage management conservation and preservation of heritage sources of modern history introduction to medieval india

___________ are the remains of ancient plants or animals that have turned into hard rock.

  1. Bhoj patras

  2. Fossils

  3. Petrographs

  4. Tamra patras
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Fossils are impression, or trace of an animal or plant of a past geologic age that has been preserved in Earth’s crust. The oldest fossils in the fossil record date from 3.5 billion years ago. They are great sources for learning about how animals and plants lived and behaved millions of years ago.

Multiple choice evs mud and stones soil - formation and profile soil-nature soil profile

The geological age of a rock is determined by.

  1. The fossil flora and fauna

  2. Chemical composition of the rocks

  3. Radiometric dating

  4. Spectroscopic data
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Fossil flora and fauna are used in biostratigraphy to determine the relative geological age of sedimentary rock layers, as specific species existed only during certain time periods.

Multiple choice gymnosperms pictorial feature of plant kingdom biology

Progymnosperms were evolved in?

  1. Ordovician period

  2. Silurian period

  3. Devonian period

  4. Carboniferous period
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Progymnosperms are an extinct group of vascular plants that evolved from trimerophytes and served as precursors to seed plants and conifers. Fossil evidence indicates that they first appeared and diversified during the Devonian period. They are characterized by having fern-like foliage and secondary wood.

Multiple choice gymnosperms pictorial feature of plant kingdom biology

Which one the following has not changed for the last,several thousand years?

  1. Dryopteris

  2. Gnetum

  3. Gingko

  4. Palms
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Ginkgo biloba is often called a living fossil because it has remained virtually unchanged for millions of years.

Multiple choice gymnosperms pictorial feature of plant kingdom biology

The two extinct lines of the gymnosperms which are regarded as an ancestral stock from which the modern gymnosperms might have originated are?

  1. Cordaitales and Bennettitales

  2. Cycadales and Coniferales

  3. Ginkgoales and Cycadales

  4. Gnetales and Coniferales
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The Cordaitales and the Benneitales are the two extinct lines of Gymnosperms. The former existed during the paleozoic and early mesozoic era and have been regarded as an ancestral stock from which the modern conifers and Gnetales might have originated.

Multiple choice biology adapting to a habit adaptations - mangrove swamps, fast flowing rivers and treetops halophiles protecting our environment

Invertebrates were formed and active around:-

  1. $500$ mya
  2. $350$ mya
  3. $320$ mya
  4. $200$ mya
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Invertebrates were formed and active approximately 500 million years ago (mya). Jawless fish existed around 350 mya; while, sea weeds and few plants evolved approximately 320 mya. Dinosaurs extinct approximately 65 mya. 


So, the correct answer is option A. 

Multiple choice geography mineral and energy resources - ii mineral resources - coal - introduction mining mineral fuels

Coal and petroleum are formed from ________.

  1. Dead remains of vegetation in sedimentary layers

  2. Dead remains of sea-living organisms in sedimentary layers

  3. Dead remains of organism in metamorphic layers

  4. Both (1) and (2) are true
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

  • Coal and petroleum are formed from remains of dead vegetation and marine organisms.
  • These are carbonaceous fuels. These are extracted from earth and are formed by fossil decomposition and are hence called fossil fuels. These fuels form major source of energy.

Multiple choice biology main natural resources classification of threatened species red data book methods of conservation

The taxa believed likely to join the endangered category in near future is called as

  1. Extinct

  2. Rare

  3. Vulnerable

  4. Out

  5. Living fossil
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

A vulnerable species can be defined as the species of animals or plants, which are likely to become endangered unless something changes. Something has to be done to remove the things, that are harmful to their survival, and their rate of reproduction needs to increase. There are 8,565 species listed as vulnerable on the IUCN 'Red List'.

Multiple choice biology main natural resources classification of threatened species red data book methods of conservation

The taxon likely to join the category of endangered category in near future is

  1. Extinct

  2. Rare

  3. Vulnerable

  4. Living fossil
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The taxon likely to join the category of endangered category in near future is Vulnerable if the causal factors continue to operate. Vulnerable included all those taxa in which most or all population decrease in size because of over-exploitation, extensive destruction of habitat and other environmental disturbances. 

Therefore, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice biology main natural resources classification of threatened species red data book conservation of wildlife

Number of plant species known to have become extinct since 1600 AD is

  1. 279

  2. 384

  3. 629

  4. 717
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

When there are no more individuals of a species (plant or animal) alive anywhere in the world, the species is said to be extinct. Extinction is also known as the process of dying out. The process is a completely natural part of evolution. But sometimes extinctions happen at a higher and a faster rate than usual. Factors such as large body size, small population, and position at a higher trophic level favour extinction. 384 plant species have become extinct since 1600 AD.

So, the correct answer is '384'.