English Grammar and Usage

Future perfect continuous 'will have been' correctly expresses an action that will continue up to a specific future time point. 'By the end of this month' marks when the four-year duration will be complete.

Future perfect 'will have trained' indicates an action that will be completed by a specific future time. 'By the end of this year' sets the future deadline, and training 400 horses is a completable action.

The sentence has a typo - 'learned' should match the context. The past perfect 'had learnt' (or learned) is needed because 'was moved' is past tense, and the learning happened before that moment.

Both 'had lived' and 'had been living' are grammatically correct. 'Had lived' emphasizes the completed action, while 'had been living' emphasizes the continuous nature. Since both work in context, 'both 1 and 2' is the correct answer.

Present perfect 'have been' is correct because 'recently' indicates a connection to the present, and 'changes' is plural requiring 'have' not 'has'. The present perfect tense shows changes that happened in the recent past with present relevance.

Present perfect continuous 'has been sleeping' is correct because it describes an action that started in the past and continues up to the present moment. The continuous form emphasizes the ongoing nature of the sleep.

Present perfect 'have had' is correct because the sentence expresses experience up to the present moment. The structure 'have ever had' is used to talk about experiences at any time in one's life up to now.

Simple past 'went' is correct because 'a few hours ago' is a specific completed past time expression. Present perfect forms cannot be used with specific past time markers.

Present simple tense is used for habitual or repeated actions. 'Whenever it rains' indicates a recurring condition, so we use present simple 'leaks' to show what happens each time it rains. Option D 'could leaks' is grammatically incorrect - modal verbs are followed by the base form, not 's' form.

Present perfect tense connects past to present. 'Since then' marks the starting point of an action that continues to or has relevance in the present, so 'have changed' is correct with 'I'. Option B 'has changed' would be correct for 'he/she/it', not 'I'.

In reported speech, present tense often shifts to past tense. The original direct speech was 'I am living in Ireland,' which becomes 'he was living' in reported speech. Past continuous 'was living' correctly shows an ongoing past action.

In past simple questions with 'Did,' we use the base form of the verb. The structure is 'Did + subject + base verb,' so 'Did come' is correct. 'Came' is incorrect because it repeats the past tense marker.

Past perfect tense shows an action completed before another past action. Raju's service in the navy ('had served') happened before he retired and married, so we use past perfect to show the correct time sequence. Options A and B use wrong tenses.

'A short time ago' indicates a completed past action, so simple past 'left' is correct. Options A and B use perfect tenses which require additional time context. Option D uses conditional 'would leave' which doesn't fit the past time marker.

Past perfect tense shows an action completed before another past action. 'Had seen' indicates that seeing all the pictures happened before 'she said.' The sequence of tenses requires past perfect for the earlier action.