English Grammar and Usage

Present simple tense is used for habitual or repeated actions. 'Whenever it rains' indicates a recurring condition, so we use present simple 'leaks' to show what happens each time it rains. Option D 'could leaks' is grammatically incorrect - modal verbs are followed by the base form, not 's' form.

Present perfect tense connects past to present. 'Since then' marks the starting point of an action that continues to or has relevance in the present, so 'have changed' is correct with 'I'. Option B 'has changed' would be correct for 'he/she/it', not 'I'.

In reported speech, present tense often shifts to past tense. The original direct speech was 'I am living in Ireland,' which becomes 'he was living' in reported speech. Past continuous 'was living' correctly shows an ongoing past action.

In past simple questions with 'Did,' we use the base form of the verb. The structure is 'Did + subject + base verb,' so 'Did come' is correct. 'Came' is incorrect because it repeats the past tense marker.

Past perfect tense shows an action completed before another past action. Raju's service in the navy ('had served') happened before he retired and married, so we use past perfect to show the correct time sequence. Options A and B use wrong tenses.

'A short time ago' indicates a completed past action, so simple past 'left' is correct. Options A and B use perfect tenses which require additional time context. Option D uses conditional 'would leave' which doesn't fit the past time marker.

Past perfect tense shows an action completed before another past action. 'Had seen' indicates that seeing all the pictures happened before 'she said.' The sequence of tenses requires past perfect for the earlier action.

In reported speech about future in the past, 'will' changes to 'would.' The original thought was 'it will rain,' which becomes 'it would rain' when reported. 'Would' is the past form of 'will' in reported speech.

The sentence uses 'for five years' indicating a duration continuing to the present. Present perfect tense 'has been' is used for actions that started in the past and continue to the present. 'Had been' would require a past time reference, and 'would have' is conditional.

Sentence is declaring something, so it's a declarative sentence.

Object is changed into subject (Admission in this college) + had + been + verb's 3^rd form (taken) + by + object (I).

Provision means something provided, prepared, or supplied for the future. Provisions mean stock of food.

'Premises' refers to land and the building on it, whereas 'premise' is a statement assumed to be true from which a conclusion is drawn. 

'Shade' means  protection from the sun. 'Shadow' means the dark area caused by light being blocked by something.

'Putting on airs' means to become proud.