Disease Symptoms and Effects

Electron therapy or Electron Beam Therapy (EBT) is a kind of external beam radiotherapy, where electrons are directed to a tumor site. Electron beam therapy is performed using a medical linear accelerator. The same device can also be used to produce high energy photon beams. When electrons are required, the x-ray target is retracted out of the beam and the electron beam is collimated with a piece of apparatus known as an applicator or an additional collimating insert, constructed from a low melting point alloy. Electron beam therapy is used in the treatment of superficial tumors like cancer of skin regions, or total skin (e.g., mycosis fungoides), diseases of the limbs (e.g., melanoma and lymphoma), nodal irradiation, and it may also be used to boost the radiation dose to the surgical bed after mastectomy or lumpectomy. 

Explanation: Symptoms of Anthrax include all of the above apart from Bleeding from natural openings like anus, nostrils, vulva etc. Sudden death in peracute cases. Dyspnoea - difficult breathing & Dysentery or diarrhoea.

Claviceps is an ergot fungus that grows on the ears of rye and related cereal and forage plants.
Consumption of grains or seeds contaminated with the survival structure of this fungus the ergot sclerotium, can cause ergotism in humans and mammals.
So, the correct answer is 'Ergotism'

Ringworm is a fungal infection of the skin that affects the skin of scalp, feet, groin, beard and also nails. It is a contagious disease that spreads from person to person or contact with fomites. The disease is also called  Athlete's foot when the pathogen infects the foot. It is also called Barber's itch as if infects barbers commonly. It is called Dhobie's itch as washerman come in contact with infected clothes and get the disease. Thus, the correct answer is option B.

Bronchial asthma is a classic allergic disease characterized by airway inflammation and hypersensitivity to triggers.

Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening systemic allergic reaction that affects the entire body. Symptoms often include gastrointestinal distress like nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain, along with respiratory and cardiovascular symptoms.

In localized infection, redness and heat are due to increased blood flow at body core temperature to the inflamed site, swelling is caused by accumulation of fluid, pain is due to the release of chemicals such as prostaglandin and histamine that stimulate nerve endings.Histamine are mono-amine produced from mast cells and basophils these are stored in preformed granules, and is released to a number of stimuli these lead to arterial dilation and increased venous permeability. Prostaglandins are eicosaniod produced from mast cells they leads to vasodilation, fever and pain. Hence, localized inflammatory response at the sight of infection producing redness, swelling, pain and heat is due to prostaglandin and histamine.

Normal stools can vary in shades of brown, mostly due to diet.
Bile salts are released into the stools by the liver, giving the stools a brown color. If the liver is not producing enough bile, or if the flow of the bile is blocked and not draining from the liver, the stools will be pale or clay-colored.
Therefore, the correct answer is option D.

The sexually transmitted diseases also called venereal diseases, are spread by sexual intercourse with an infected person. The major venereal diseases are syphilis and gonorrhea. Fluid discharge, slight pain, swelling in genital region are the early symptom of sexually transmitted disease.

The most common type of STD's are chlamydia, herpes & gonorrhea. The early symptoms in each one of these are swelling near the genitals & fluid discharge from the reproductive organs. 

Hepatitis B or HBV can cause yellowing of skin & eyes, jaundice, dark urine, abdominal pain & in severe cases, liver failure. 

Explanation: Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious disease of cloven footed animalsincluding cattle, sheep, goat and pigs. This disease is endemic in India and producing serious economic losses to the country due to the ban on export of livestock products to other countries and reduced productivity of diseased animals. Anthrax -Synonyms: Splenic fever, fanshi, kalpuli Ban. It is an acute widespread infectious disease of all warm blooded animals specially cattle, buffalo, sheep, goat. It is communicable to man i.e. Zoonotic disease. It is soil-borne infection. It usually occurs after major climatic change. The disease is enzootic in India. Etiology: This disease is caused by bacteria called Bacillus authracis. Mastitis-denotes an inflanation of the udder, this disease is responsible for heavy financial losses to dairyman due to discarding of abnormal milk, reduced milk production and butter fat, decreased market value of cow and cost of drugs and veterinary services. In addition to this, the mastitic milk causes dreadly diseases like tuberculosis, brucellosis, sore throat, food poisoning etc. in human beings.

Pandemic is an epidemic of infectious disease that spreads through human populations across a large region; for instance multiple continents, or even worldwide. The World Health Organization (WHO) has a six-stage classification that describes the process by which a novel influenza virus moves from the first few infections in humans through to a pandemic. This starts with the virus mostly infecting animals, with a few cases where animals infect people, then moves through the stage where the virus begins to spread directly between people and ends with a pandemic when infections from the new virus have spread worldwide and it will be out of control until we stop it. A disease or condition is not a pandemic merely because it is widespread or kills many people; it must also be infectious. 

Use of aspirin during dengue fever is not recommended owing to increased bleeding tendency. Aspirin has an antiplatelet effect by inhibiting the production of thromboxane, which under normal circumstances binds platelet molecules together to create a patch over damage of the walls within blood vessels. Hence drugs such as aspirin and ibuprofen should be avoided as they may increase the risk of haemorrhage.