Geography · Environmental Studies

Climate, Weather, and Geography

2,194 Questions

Climate, weather, and geography examine temperature variations, wind patterns, atmospheric hazards, and global climate zones. This hub addresses climographs, thunderstorm triggers, and regional climate descriptors. These concepts are essential for UPSC, SSC, and RRB general studies and geography exams.

Temperature variationWind patternsClimate zonesDesert climateWeather events

Climate, Weather, and Geography Questions

Multiple choice geography winds pressure belts elements of weather and climate :rainfall and air pressure monsoon phenomena and its mechanism

Days without any wind are recorded as _______.

  1. Day of relax

  2. Day of calm

  3. Day of winter

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

A wind rose diagram summarizes information about wind at a particular location over a specific period of time. It gives the percentage of time for which the wind blows from each direction, the strengths of these winds and the percentage of time calm air or light winds are observed. 

Multiple choice geography winds pressure belts elements of weather and climate :rainfall and air pressure monsoon phenomena and its mechanism

The horizontal movement of the air is called ___________.

  1. Air current

  2. Wind

  3. Tides

  4. Cyclone
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
  • The horizontal movement of air is called wind, hence option B is correct.
  • Air current involves both horizontal and vertical movement of air thus incorrect.
  • Cyclone is a circular movement of air.
  • Tides are the rise and fall of the sea level due to gravitational pull of moon and sun.
Multiple choice geography winds pressure belts elements of weather and climate :rainfall and air pressure monsoon phenomena and its mechanism

What is meant by planetary winds?

  1. Winds occurring on the planet throughout the year

  2. Winds occurring on the planet in seasons

  3. Winds occurring due to local variation in temperature and pressure

  4. These are the winds which blow extensively over continents and oceans
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

These are the winds that blow extensively over continents and oceans.

Planetary Wind - Any wind system of the earth's atmosphere which owes its existence and direction to solar radiation and to the rotation of the earth.

Multiple choice geography winds pressure belts elements of weather and climate :rainfall and air pressure monsoon phenomena and its mechanism

Planetary winds play a crucial role of transporting _____ across the world.

  1. Heat

  2. Moisture

  3. Both A & B

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Heat and Moisture,


The winds blow through­out the year from one latitude to another in response to latitudinal differences in air pressure. They involve large areas of the globe.

Multiple choice geography winds pressure belts elements of weather and climate :rainfall and air pressure monsoon phenomena and its mechanism

Winds are classified into _____ types.

  1. Two

  2. Three

  3. Four

  4. Five
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Winds are classified into three types:

(i) Planetary winds: The winds that blow from high-pressure belts to low-pressure belts are planetary winds. There are two type of planetary wind the trade wind and the westerly winds.
(ii) Periodic Winds: Sometimes winds changes their direction with the change of season or time. Such type of wind is called periodic wind. Monsoon, Land and sea breezes etc are the periodic winds.
(iii) Local Winds: There are some winds which affect small areas and restricted to the lower level of the troposphere. These winds are developed mainly as a result of the local difference in temperature and pressure. Foehn, Chinook, Samun etc are some famous local winds.

Multiple choice geography winds pressure belts elements of weather and climate :rainfall and air pressure monsoon phenomena and its mechanism

Planetary winds are of three types including ______.

  1. Trade winds

  2. Westerlies

  3. Polar winds

  4. All of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
1. Planetary Winds:
The winds blowing through­out the year from one latitude to another in response to latitudinal differences in air pressure are called “planetary or prevailing winds”. They involve large areas of the globe.

2. Trade Winds:
These are extremely steady winds blowing from subtropical high-pressure areas (30°N and S) towards the equatorial low-pressure belt. These winds should have blown from the north to south in Northern Hemisphere and south to north in Southern Hemisphere, but, they get deflected to the right in Northern Hemisphere and to the left in Southern Hemisphere due to Coriolis effect and Ferrel’s law. Thus, they blow as northeastern trades in Northern Hemisphere and southeastern trades in Southern Hemisphere.

They are also known as tropical easterlies, and they blow steadily in the same direction. They are noted for consistency in both force and direction.

3. The Westerlies:
These winds blow from subtropical high-pressure belts towards sub-polar low-pressure belts. The westerlies of Southern Hemi­sphere are stronger and constant in direction than Northern Hemisphere. These winds develop be­tween 40° and 65°S latitudes and these latitudes are known as Roaring Forties, Furious Fifties, and Shriek­ing Sixties.


Periodic Winds:
Periodic winds change their direction periodically with the change in season, e.g., Monsoons, Land and Sea Breezes, Mountain and Valley Breezes.

a. Monsoon Winds:

These winds are seasonal winds and refer to wind systems that have a pronounced, seasonal reversal of direction. According to ‘Flohn’, monsoon is a seasonal modification of general Planetary Wind System.

Multiple choice geography winds pressure belts elements of weather and climate :rainfall and air pressure monsoon phenomena and its mechanism

The local winds blow in the lower level of the _____.

  1. Stratosphere

  2. Mesosphere

  3. Thermosphere

  4. Troposphere
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Troposphere,

Local winds occur on a small spatial scale, their horizontal dimensions typically several tens to a few hundreds of kilometres. They also tend to be short-lived lasting typically several hours to a day. There are many such winds around the world, some of them are cold, some warm, some wet, some dry. There are many hazards associated with the winds.

The main types of local winds are:
Sea breezes and land breezes, Anabatic and katabatic winds, and Foehn winds.

Multiple choice geography winds pressure belts elements of weather and climate :rainfall and air pressure monsoon phenomena and its mechanism

What is the name of cold local winds that blow from the Alps?

  1. Chinook

  2. Loo

  3. Mistral

  4. Puna
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Mistral

The mistral is a strong, cold, northwesterly wind that blows from southern France into the Gulf of Lion in the northern Mediterranean. It produces sustained winds often exceeding 66 km/h (41 mph), sometimes reaching 185 km/h (115 mph). It is most common in the winter and spring, and strongest in the transition between the two seasons. Periods of the wind exceeding 30 km/h (19 mph) for more than sixty-five hours have been reported.

Multiple choice geography winds pressure belts elements of weather and climate :rainfall and air pressure monsoon phenomena and its mechanism

Loo is an example of _____.

  1. Hot and dry winds in Northern plains of India

  2. Cold local winds

  3. Trade winds

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
  • The Loo is a strong, hot and dry summer wind that blows over the western Indo-Gangetic Plain region of North India and Pakistan.
  • It is especially strong in the months of May and June.
  • This creates a vast low pressure area over North Indian plains during afternoon.
Multiple choice geography winds pressure belts elements of weather and climate :rainfall and air pressure monsoon phenomena and its mechanism

Which among the following is a cold local wind in the Andes region?

  1. Pampero

  2. Puna

  3. Chinook

  4. Loo
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Pampero 
The pampero is a burst of cold polar air from the west, southwest or south on the pampas in the south of Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay, and Bolivia. This wind (often violently) picks up during the passage of a cold front of an active low passing by. It takes the form of a squall line and there is a marked drop in temperature after its passing. The Pampero is most common in winter in the southern hemisphere (principally between May and August). During the summers in the region around Buenos Aires, the pampero storms are a welcome feature marking the end of long periods of high humidity and extreme heat.

Multiple choice geography winds pressure belts elements of weather and climate :rainfall and air pressure monsoon phenomena and its mechanism

Which cold local wind blows in Pampas region of South America?

  1. Mistral

  2. Chinook

  3. Pampero

  4. Loo
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
Pampero
The name given to severe line squalls in Argentina and Uruguay, particularly in the Rio de la Plata area. They are associated with marked cold fronts and are usually accompanied by rain, thunder, and lightning, a sharp drop in temperature and a sudden change of wind direction from northerly or northwesterly to southerly or south-westerly. They are most likely to occur during the period of June to September.
Multiple choice geography winds pressure belts elements of weather and climate :rainfall and air pressure monsoon phenomena and its mechanism

The local winds blow due to local variation in the temperature and pressure and influence a _____.

  1. Large area

  2. Medium area

  3. Small area

  4. Very small area
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Very small area,

The local winds moderates the climate of nearby areas with sudden increase or decrease in the temperature and humidity. In valleys of the mountains, two kinds of winds are particularly active - anabatic winds and katabatic winds.  These winds are result of differential heating of the land and the sea.

Multiple choice evs weather, climate and adaptation of animals to different climates climate and weather weather, climate and adaptations of animals to climate atmosphere and its components

Meteorology is the study of:

  1. Landforms

  2. The oceans

  3. The atmosphere

  4. Outer space
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Meteorology is defined as the study of the atmosphere, including its physical, chemical, and dynamical properties, as well as the interaction of the atmosphere with the Earth's surface and oceans.

Multiple choice evs weather, climate and adaptation of animals to different climates climate and weather weather, climate and adaptations of animals to climate atmosphere and its components

Which of the following departments prepare weather reports?

  1. Pollution department

  2. Health department

  3. Meteorological department

  4. Environment department
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

  • The Indian Meteorological Department is an agency of the Ministry of Earth Sciences of the Government of India. It is the principal agency responsible for meteorological observations, weather forecasting, prepare weather reports and seismology (the study of earthquakes).
  • It has the responsibility for forecasting, naming and distribution of warnings for tropical cyclones in the Northern Indian Ocean region.
So, the correct answer is 'Meteorological department'.