Climate, Weather, and Geography

A low-pressure area of calm, light variable winds near the equator is known as the doldrums, near-equatorial trough, intertropical front, or the Intertropical Convergence Zone. When located within a monsoon region, this zone of low pressure and wind convergence is also known as the monsoon trough.

• Sun rays fall vertically over the equatorial regions throughout the year thus they are hot. Also, they receive rainfall throughout the year, making them wet.
• Heavy rainfall leaches the nutrients from the soils of these regions thus they have low fertility.
• The high density of trees makes them compete for sunlight, which leads to trees growing up to great heights to receive sunlight.
• Thus all the options are correct. D is the right option.

Equatorial regions are the regions located on or near the equator. Equatorial regions have hot and wet climate. The Amazon Basin (South America), the Congo Basin (Africa), Malaysia, Indonesia and some areas in northern Australia are located in equatorial region. These regions do not have winter or dry season. The diurnal range of temperature is usually greater.

Equatorial regions are the regions located on or near the equator. Equatorial regions have hot and wet climate. The Amazon Basin (South America), the Congo Basin (Africa), Malaysia, Indonesia and some areas in northern Australia are located in equatorial region. These regions receives vertical sun rays. The climate in equatorial regions is characterized by heavy rainfall and constant high temperature. These regions do not have winter or dry season. The diurnal range of temperature is usually greater.

The equatorial region extends up to 10 degrees North and 10 degrees South in both the hemisphere. Here Climate is uniform, the high temperature throughout the year. The annual average temperature is about 27 degrees celsius. The daily range of temperature is between 10 degrees celsius. So the winter season is absent in the equatorial region.

Wet deposition refers to the process where acid pollutants are removed from the atmosphere and deposited on the earth's surface through rain, snow, or fog. Acid rain is the phenomenon itself, while wet deposition is the mechanism of delivery.

A weather station is indeed composed of instruments like an anemometer (wind speed), barometer (pressure), rain gauge (pluviometer), and wind vane (veleta). These are standard meteorological tools.

Tundra receives very little precipitation, around 25 cm year, mostly in the form of snow. The area is covered by snow for most part of the year. The highest summer temperature is $12^0$

• Antarctica is the southernmost continent of the earth. It is the coldest, driest and windiest continent in the world.
  
• It has very low temperature throughout the year. The average annual temperature is −57 °C and temperature as cold as −93.2 °C is also recorded in this region.
  

• Antarctica is the southernmost continent of the earth. It is the coldest, driest and windiest continent in the world.
  
• It has very low temperature throughout the year. The average annual temperature is −57 °C and temperature as cold as −93.2 °C is also recorded in this region.
  
• That is the reason why it is composed mainly of ice with some exposed land.
  

• Antarctica is the southernmost continent of the earth. It is the coldest, driest and windiest continent in the world.
  
• But it was not the case before a few million years ago. It used to be tropical. There is no proper explanation behind the cooling of Antarctica. But it is believed that reduction of carbon dioxide levels led ice to be in frozen state even during Antarctica summers.
  

Verkhoyansk and Oymyakon in the Siberian region of Russia are famously known as the 'Cold Pole' of the Northern Hemisphere due to their extremely low temperatures.

Terms like Blackberry winter, Redbud winter, and Dogwood winter are all regional folk terms used to describe cold snaps occurring during the spring when those plants are blooming.

A toboggan is a type of sled used for sliding over snow.

Sleet is a form of precipitation consisting of frozen or partly frozen rain.