Chemistry

Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure

1,277 Questions

This section tests your knowledge of chemical bonding, molecular structure, and hybridization. It covers ionic and covalent bonds, octet rule exceptions, and molecular geometry. These chemistry questions are common in various competitive entrance examinations.

Ionic and covalent bondsHybridisation of elementsOctet rule exceptionsMolecular geometryIntermolecular forces

Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following have coordinate covalent bonds?

  1. Br2 and HCl

  2. Cl2 and F2

  3. NH4+ and H3O+

  4. FeCl3 and H2SO4
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Hydronium ion contains 2 polar covalent bonds and 1 coordinate covalent bond. Ammonium ion contains 3 polar covalent bonds and 1 coordinate covalent bond.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is incorrect?

  1. KCl is soluble in water.

  2. HCl conducts electricity in its aqueous solution.

  3. Acetic acid is soluble in water.

  4. The bond formed between aluminum and fluorine is covalent.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The bond formed between aluminum and fluorine is ionic, because metals form ionic bonds with non-metals.

Multiple choice

Match the Column – I (Calculated bond angles) with Column – II (Geometry) and select the correct option.

 
Column – I
Column – II
1. 90o A. Planar triangular (trigonal)
2. 72o B. Square antiprismatic
3. 99.6o C. Pentagonal bipyramidal
4. 120o D. Octahedral

  1. 1 - C, 2 - B, 3 - D, 4 - A

  2. 1 - D, 2 - B, 3 - C, 4 - A

  3. 1 - B, 2 - C, 3 - A, 4 - D

  4. 1 - D, 2 - C, 3 - B, 4 - A

  5. 1 - A, 2 - B, 3 - C, 4 - D
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Correct answer:

  1. 90o - D. Octahedral e.g: SF6
  2. 72o - C. Pentagonal bipyramidal e.g: IF7
  3. 99.6o - B. Square antiprismatic e.g: TaF83-
  4. 120o - A. Planar triangular (trigonal) e.g: SO3
Multiple choice

Which of the following iso-electronic species has the correct order of the size of ions?

  1. P-3 > S-2 > Cl- > Ar > K+ > Ca+2

  2. P-3 < S-2 < Cl- < Ar < K+ < Ca+2

  3. Ar > K+ > Ca+2> P-3 > S-2 > Cl-

  4. Ar > K+ > Ca+2 > P-3 > S-2 > Cl-

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Size of iso-electronic species ∝ 1/(Nuclear charge) This is quite clear from the following iso-electronic species, which contains a total of 18 electrons. Iso-electronic species with 18e- is arranged in the decreasing order of size is: P-3 > S-2 > Cl- > Ar > K+ > Ca+2.

Multiple choice

The ionic radii of B3+, Al3+ Si4+ and N3- varies in the order of

  1. N3- > Al3+ > B3+ > Si4+

  2. N3- > B3+ > Si4+ > Al3+

  3. N3- > B3+ > Al3+ > Si4+

  4. N3- > Al3+ > Si4+ > B3+

  5. Al3+ > B3+ > Si4+ > N3-
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The ionic radii of B3+ = 27 pm, Al3+ = 53.5 pm, Si4+ = 40 pm and N3- = 171 pm. Hence, the ionic radii of B3+, Al3+, Si4+ and N3- varies in the order of N3- > Al3+ > Si4+ > B3+.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is correct?

  1. Li+ ion is more solvated than Na+ ion in water.

  2. MgCl2 is more covalent than BeCl2.

  3. MgO is less basic than Al2O3.

  4. Mg has higher atomic radius than Ca.

  5. Beryllium exhibits coordination number six.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Because of very small size of Li+ ion, it is more solvated than Na+ ion in water.

Multiple choice

The ratio of σ- and π-bonds in carbon suboxide is

  1. 2 : 3

  2. 2 : 1

  3. 1 : 2

  4. 3 : 2

  5. 1 : 1
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

O=C=C=C=O (carbon suboxide) Number of σ-bonds = 4 Number of π-bonds = 4 So that the ratio of σ- and π-bonds in carbon suboxide is 4 : 4 or 1 : 1. Thus, this option is correct.