Chemistry
Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure
1,420 Questions
This section tests your knowledge of chemical bonding, molecular structure, and hybridization. It covers ionic and covalent bonds, octet rule exceptions, and molecular geometry. These chemistry questions are common in various competitive entrance examinations.
Ionic and covalent bondsHybridisation of elementsOctet rule exceptionsMolecular geometryIntermolecular forces
Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure Questions
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N3- > Al3+ > B3+ > Si4+
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N3- > B3+ > Si4+ > Al3+
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N3- > B3+ > Al3+ > Si4+
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N3- > Al3+ > Si4+ > B3+
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Al3+ > B3+ > Si4+ > N3-
D
Correct answer
Explanation
The ionic radii of B3+ = 27 pm, Al3+ = 53.5 pm, Si4+ = 40 pm and N3- = 171 pm. Hence, the ionic radii of B3+, Al3+, Si4+ and N3- varies in the order of N3- > Al3+ > Si4+ > B3+.
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NH4+ and SF4
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AlCl3 and PCl3
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SF6 and XeF6
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CH4 and SO42-
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BH3 and NH3
D
Correct answer
Explanation
CH4: Tetrahedral geometry, sp3 hybridisation
SO42-: Tetrahedral geometry, sp3 hybridisation
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BeF2, CO2, N2O
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N2O, NO2, CO2
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BF3, CO2, N2O
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NO2, BeF2, N2O
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H2S, BeF2, CO2
A
Correct answer
Explanation
BeF2, CO2, N2O are isoelectronic as well as isostructural species. All of them are linear and have 22 electrons in their molecules.
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Li+ ion is more solvated than Na+ ion in water.
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MgCl2 is more covalent than BeCl2.
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MgO is less basic than Al2O3.
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Mg has higher atomic radius than Ca.
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Beryllium exhibits coordination number six.
A
Correct answer
Explanation
Because of very small size of Li+ ion, it is more solvated than Na+ ion in water.
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ClF3, IF7
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CN‑, N3-
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(CN)2, (SCN)2
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ClF3, CN‑
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ICl, N3-
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Both CN‑ and N3- are pseudohalide ions because they resemble in properties with the halide (X-) ion.
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Mg2+, S2-, F-, Na+
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Ca2+, O2-, Cl-, K+
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Mg2+, O2-, F-, K+
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Ca2+, S2-, Cl-, K+
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Mg2+, S2-, Cl-, Na+
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Only 1
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1, 2 and 3
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Only2
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2 and 3
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Only 3
C
Correct answer
Explanation
BeSO4 and MgSO4 are readily soluble in water. The greater hydration enthalpies of Be2+ and Mg2+ ions overcome the lattice enthalpy factor and therefore their sulphates are soluble in water.
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1 and 2
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1 and 5
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2 and 3
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2 and 4
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3 and 4
D
Correct answer
Explanation
Phosphine (PH3) belongs to C3v point group. The H-P-H bond angles are 93.5°.
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Only 1
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Only 2
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Only 3
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1, 2 and 3
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None of these
D
Correct answer
Explanation
Acidic nature, thermal stability and reducing character of group 16 hydrides increase down the group and follow the order H2O < H2S < H2Se < H2Te.
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E-E2 < E1-E
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E-E2 = E1-E
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E-E2 > E-E1
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E-E2 > E1-E
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Any one of these is possible
A
Correct answer
Explanation
The antibonding orbital is raised more in energy than the energy by which bonding molecular orbital is lowered. Thus, “E-E2 < E1-E” is the correct answer.
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2 : 3
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2 : 1
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1 : 2
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3 : 2
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1 : 1
E
Correct answer
Explanation
O=C=C=C=O (carbon suboxide)
Number of σ-bonds = 4
Number of π-bonds = 4
So that the ratio of σ- and π-bonds in carbon suboxide is 4 : 4 or 1 : 1. Thus, this option is correct.
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sp3d2, sp3, sp3, sp3d3
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sp3d3, sp3d, sp3, sp3d2
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sp3d, sp2, sp, sp3d2
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sp3d3, sp3d, sp3d, dsp3
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d3sp3, sp3d, sp3, sp3d2
B
Correct answer
Explanation
This option is correct because the hybridization of atomic orbital's of iodine in ICl5, BrCl2-, ClF2+ and ClF4+ are sp3d2, sp3, sp3, sp3d3 respectively.
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Methane
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Ammonia
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Sodium chloride
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Carbon tetrachloride
C
Correct answer
Explanation
An ionic compound is formed between a metal and a non-metal. NaCl is an ionic compound in which Na is a metal and Cl is a non-metal.
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gaseous state
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solid state
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liquid state
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plasma state
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Ionic compounds are usually found in solid state.
C
Correct answer
Explanation
The correct answer is (3).