Chemistry

Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure

1,420 Questions

This section tests your knowledge of chemical bonding, molecular structure, and hybridization. It covers ionic and covalent bonds, octet rule exceptions, and molecular geometry. These chemistry questions are common in various competitive entrance examinations.

Ionic and covalent bondsHybridisation of elementsOctet rule exceptionsMolecular geometryIntermolecular forces

Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure Questions

Multiple choice

Which is considered to be an anamolous compound?

  1. Water

  2. Sodium chloride

  3. Formic acid

  4. Formaldehyde
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Water is considered an anomalous compound because it exhibits anomalous expansion - it expands (becomes less dense) when it freezes at 0°C, unlike most other substances which contract on solidification. This unique property is crucial for aquatic life survival in winter.

Multiple choice

Potassium compounds have high water solubility due to

  1. low hydration energy of K+ ion

  2. low ionisation energy of K+ ion

  3. high hydration energy of K+ ion

  4. high ionisation energy of K+ ion
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Potassium ions have high hydration energy which means that they are highly ionic and dissolve readily in a polar solvent like water and release a great amount of energy which is referred to as hydration energy.

Multiple choice

Structure of Phosphine is

  1. pyramidal

  2. square planar

  3. trigonal

  4. linear

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Phosphine (PH3) has a trigonal pyramidal structure similar to ammonia (NH3). The phosphorus atom is at the apex of the pyramid with three hydrogen atoms at the base corners, with a bond angle of approximately 93.5°.

Multiple choice

Which of the following orders of ionic size is/are incorrect?

  1. Se2- > Br- > Rb+ > Sr2+
  2. Te2- < I- < Cs+ < Ba2+
  3. Li+ > Na+ > K+ > Rb+

  1. Only 1

  2. Only 2

  3. 3 only

  4. 1 and 2

  5. 2 and 3
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

All are isoelectronic species with the xenon electron configuration. Since all these ions have the same number of electrons, their sizes will depend on the nuclear charge. The Z values are 52 for Te2-, 53 for I-, 55 for Cs+ and 56 for Ba2+. Hence,  the correct order of ionic size is Te2- > I- > Cs+ > Ba2+.

Multiple choice

Identify the incorrect statement(s).

A. Ionic compounds are highly soluble in non-polar solvents. B. The rates of ionic reactions are very slow. C. Ionic bond is non-directional.

  1. Only A

  2. Only B

  3. Only C

  4. A and B

  5. A and C
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Both are wrong statements: Ionic compounds are insoluble in non-polar solvents and highly soluble in polar solvents, and the ionic reactions are fast because of the compounds after getting dissolved in water are dissociated into ions and are free to move.

Multiple choice

What is the common name for the chemical trichloromethane?

  1. Chlorine

  2. Methyl Alcohol

  3. Chloroform

  4. Chloroquine
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Trichloromethane (CHCl3) is commonly known as chloroform. It's a dense, sweet-smelling organic compound that was historically used as an anesthetic. The name 'chloroform' is a contraction of its chemical name: 'chloro' (from chlorine) and 'form' (from methane/CH4).