Chemistry

Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure

1,420 Questions

This section tests your knowledge of chemical bonding, molecular structure, and hybridization. It covers ionic and covalent bonds, octet rule exceptions, and molecular geometry. These chemistry questions are common in various competitive entrance examinations.

Ionic and covalent bondsHybridisation of elementsOctet rule exceptionsMolecular geometryIntermolecular forces

Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following sets of molecular ions, have T-shaped geometry?

  1. H3O+, AlCl3 and NO2-

  2. ICl2-, I3- and ClF2-

  3. NF3, PCl3 and SO3

  4. NH2-, BCl3 and ICl2+

  5. BrF3, IF3 and XeOF2
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

This option is correct because for minimum repulsion between the electron pairs two lone pairs occupy the basal positions and out of three bond pairs, one occupies basal position and two along axial positions. Thus according to VSEPR theory all molecules, IF3, XeOF2 and BrF3 possess T-shaped geometry.

Multiple choice

Which of the following set is hypervalent molecule?

  1. I3-, XeO4 and SF4

  2. BF3, AlCl3 and ICl2-

  3. XeF2, KrF2 and AlCl3

  4. PCl5, SF6 and SF4+2

  5. XeOF2, XeO3 and I3+
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

This option is correct because all molecules exceed the octet rule, and hence all are hypervalent molecules.

Multiple choice

Which of the following pairs is liquid and shows negative deviation?

  1. Benzene and chloroform

  2. Benzene and toluene

  3. Acetone and benzene

  4. Chlorobenzene and bromobenzene

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

This option is correct because certain solutions have lowest vapour pressure and maximum boiling point. Such a solution is formed by decreasing the volume and evolution of heat. Both the solutions have negative deviation.

Multiple choice

A zwitter ion is one which

  1. is positively charged

  2. is negatively charged

  3. is both (1) and (2)

  4. is carbanion

  5. is carbocation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Ans : 3.

Multiple choice

Which one of the following statement is/are true?

P. B3N3H6 is known as inorganic benzene. Q. Boric acid is a dibasic acid. R. Maximum covalence of boron cannot exceed 4. S. BF3 is a Lewis base.

Select the correct answer using codes given below.

  1. P and Q

  2. P and S

  3. Q and R

  4. Q and S

  5. R and S
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Boric acid is a weak monobasic acid. It is not a protonic acid but acts as a Lewis acid by accepting electrons from a hydroxyl ion: B(OH)3 + 2H2O → [B(OH)4]– + H3O+

The number of electrons around the central atom in BF3 is only six. Such electron deficient molecules have tendency to accept a pair of electrons to achieve stable electronic configuration and thus, behave as Lewis acids.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is non-ionisable?

  1. [CO (NH3)6] Cl3

  2. [CO (NH3)3 Cl3]

  3. [CO (NH3)4 Cl2] Cl

  4. [CO (NH3)5 Cl] Cl2
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

A complex is non-ionisable if there are no counter-ions outside the coordination sphere. In [CO(NH3)3Cl3], all ligands are inside the coordination sphere, so it does not ionize in water.

Multiple choice

Which is not a p bonded complex?

  1. Zeise's salt

  2. Ferrocene

  3. tetra ethyl lead

  4. dibenzene chromium
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Pi-bonded organometallic complexes involve pi-electron systems (like alkenes or aromatic rings) donating to the metal. Tetraethyl lead is a sigma-bonded organometallic compound.