Chemistry

Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure

1,420 Questions

This section tests your knowledge of chemical bonding, molecular structure, and hybridization. It covers ionic and covalent bonds, octet rule exceptions, and molecular geometry. These chemistry questions are common in various competitive entrance examinations.

Ionic and covalent bondsHybridisation of elementsOctet rule exceptionsMolecular geometryIntermolecular forces

Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure Questions

Multiple choice

Catenation means

  1. tendency to form chains

  2. tendency to form multiple bonds

  3. tendency to give protons

  4. tendency to get ionized
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Ans : 1.

Multiple choice

The electronegativity values of three elements 'X', 'Y' and 'Z' are 0.93, 2.6 and 3.2, respectively. The chemical bond formed between the atoms of 'X' and 'Z' will be ___________ and the chemical bond formed between 'Y' and 'Z' will be __________.

  1. covalent, covalent

  2. covalent, electrovalent

  3. electrovalent, covalent

  4. covalent, ionic

  5. electrovalent, ionic
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The tendency of an atom to attract electrons towards itself when combined in a compound is called electronegativity. If the difference in electronegativity values between the combining atoms is more, then the chemical bond formed between them will be electrovalent. If the difference in electronegativity values between the combining atoms is less, then the chemical bond formed between them will be covalent.

Multiple choice

Which type of compounds have high melting and boiling points?

  1. Ionic compound

  2. Covalent compound

  3. Neutral compound

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points due to strong electrostatic forces between oppositely charged ions throughout the crystal lattice. Covalent compounds have weak intermolecular forces, resulting in low melting/boiling points. Ionic bonds require much more energy to break than covalent molecular forces.

Multiple choice

Which is the binding force in ionic crystal?

  1. Covalent band force

  2. Strong electrostatic force

  3. Weak Vander Waals force

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Ionic crystals are formed by a combination of highly electropositive ions (cations) and highly electronegative ions (anions). Thus, strong electrostatic force of attraction acts within the ionic crystals.

Multiple choice

The most stable complex ion is

  1. [Fe(OH)6]3-

  2. [Fe(CN)6]3-

  3. [Fe(Cl)6]3-

  4. [Fe(H2O)6]3+

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

This option is correct because the stability of the complex ion is determined by the strength of ligand. Hence, CN ligand has strong ligand field. On the basis of its nature, this complex ion is the most stable. Cl and water  belongs to low ligand field.

Multiple choice

Which of the following molecule/molecular ions has/have square planar shape on the basis of VSEPR theory?

  1. BrF4-
  2. XeF4
  3. TeCl4

  1. Only 1

  2. Only 2

  3. 1 and 2

  4. 2 and 3

  5. 1 and 3
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

According to VSEPR theory, BrF4- and XeF4 both have four bond pairs of electrons and two lone pairs of electrons with square planar shape. TeCl4 has four bond pairs of electrons and one lone pair of electrons with distorted trigonal bipyramidal shape. Hence, 1 and 2 have square planar shape.