Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure

Bromine, a non-metallic chemical element with a valence of one, is only halogen which is liquid at room temperature.

All six possible diatomic compounds between F, Cl, Br and I are known. Indeed, ICl was first made independently by J. L. Gay Lussac and H. Davy in 1813, soon after the isolation of the parent halogens themselves, and its existence led J. von Liebig to miss the discovery of the new element bromine, which has similar properties. CIF is extremely robust; ICl and IBr are moderately stable and can be obtained in very pure crystalline form at room temperature; BrCl readily dissociates reversibly into its elements; BrF and IF disproportionate rapidly and irreversibly to a higher fluoride and Br₂ (or I₂). Hence, ClF is most stable compound at ambient temperature.

ClF₃ (cololourless) and BrF₃ (yellow green liquid) are used as non aqueous solvents. These are used for the production of UF₆ in the enrichment of ²³⁵U.

Both aluminosilicates and alumina serve as catalysts in fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) units. Platinum is not typically used in cracking processes - it is more common in reforming reactions.

XeF₂ has three lone pairs of electrons with linear geometry.

(3) and (4) have bent shapes.

CCl₂ has one lone pair of electrons with bent geometry.

The molecules which have two bond pairs and one lone pair of electrons with bent geometry are SO₂, CCl_{2 ,} etc. The molecules which have two bond pairs and two lone pair of electrons with bent shape are H₂O, F₂O, O₃, etc.

Only statement (P) is incorrect.

It contains one sigma and two pi bonds.

Chlorotrianisene is a non-steroidal synthetic oestrogen that was formerly used for the treatment of menopause, deficiencies in ovary function, and prostate cancer. Diethylstilbestrol is a synthetic nonsteroidal oestrogen that was first synthesized in 1938. Fosfestrol is a synthetic oestrogen used as an antineoplastic agent.

Both As and Sb, belong to groupb15 and are metalloids which have the properties of metals as well as non-metals. Metalloids do not form positive ions in chemical reactions. Metals and poor metals form active positive ions during the chemical reactions.

Ammonium acetate is a white solid, which can be derived from the reaction of ammonia and acetic acid. It is available commercially and depending on grade, can be rather inexpensive. It is not an explosive. NH4C2H3O2 is occasionally employed as a biodegradable de-icing agent.

Mercury(II) fulminate, Hg(CNO)2, is a primary explosive. It is highly sensitive to friction and shock. It is mainly used as a trigger for other explosives in percussion caps and blasting caps.