Chemistry

Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure

1,277 Questions

This section tests your knowledge of chemical bonding, molecular structure, and hybridization. It covers ionic and covalent bonds, octet rule exceptions, and molecular geometry. These chemistry questions are common in various competitive entrance examinations.

Ionic and covalent bondsHybridisation of elementsOctet rule exceptionsMolecular geometryIntermolecular forces

Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following has the highest bond angle?

  1. <span style="font-family:" arial;="" font-size:="" 12pt;="" mso-fareast-font-family:="" times;="" new="">H2O

  2. <span style="font-family:" arial;="" font-size:="" 12pt;="" mso-fareast-font-family:="" times;="" new="">CO2

  3. <span style="font-family:" arial;="" font-size:="" 12pt;="" mso-fareast-font-family:="" times;="" new="">CH4

  4. <span style="font-family:" arial;="" font-size:="" 12pt;="" mso-fareast-font-family:="" times;="" new="">NH3
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

CO2 has linear geometry with bond angle 180°. This is the highest bond angle among the given molecules.

Multiple choice

Directions: The following question has four choices out of which ONLY ONE is correct.

Which of the following has the strongest covalent bond?

  1. H-Cl

  2. Cl-Cl

  3. C-Cl

  4. Na-Cl
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Covalent bonds are affected by the electronegativity of the connected atoms. Two atoms with equal electronegativities will make non-polar covalent bonds such as Cl−Cl. An unequal relationship creates a polar covalent bond such as with H−Cl.

Multiple choice

Which of the following matches is correct?

  1. Dipole moment: CO2<NH3<NF3<H2O

  2. Bond strength: N2<O2<I2<H2

  3. Ionic character: CaF2<CaCl2<CaBr2<CaI2

  4. Boiling point: PH3<AsH3<NH3<SbH3

  5. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Unlike expected order of boiling point, i.e., NH3<PH3<AsH3 <SbH3, the actual order of boiling points is PH3<AsH3<NH3<SbH3.  Boiling point of NH3 is exceptionally high due to the presence of H-bonding.

Multiple choice

In which of the following ionization processes, the magnetic behaviour has changed and the bond order has increased?

  1. N2→ N2+

  2. O2→ O2+

  3. F2→ F2-

  4. C2→C2+

  5. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

O2 (16 e-) : ϭ1s2 ϭ*1s2 ϭ2s2 ϭ*2s2 ϭ2pz2 π2px2 π2py2 ϭ*2pz2 Bond order  = ½ (6-2) = 2, diamagnetic

O2+ (15 e-) : ϭ1s2 ϭ*1s2 ϭ2s2 ϭ*2s2 ϭ2pz2 π2px2 π2py2 ϭ*2pz1 Bond order  = ½ (6-1) = 2.5, paramagnetic

Magnetic behaviour changes from diamagnetic to paramagnetic; Bond order increased

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is true?

  1. Ionic bond is non-directional.

  2. Ionic compounds do not conduct electricity in their molten state.

  3. Ionic compounds are highly soluble in non-polar solvents.

  4. The rates of ionic reactions are very slow.

  5. Ionic compounds have very low high melting and boiling points.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

 Ionic bond is directionless (non-directional), and the electrostatic forces of attraction are present in all directions around an ion.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements are true? P. Hybridization of the central atoms in NH3 and H2O are sp3. Q. CO2 has bent shape while SO2 is linear. R. SF6 is octahedral and F–S–F bond angle is 90o. S. BeCl2 has dipole moment.

  1. P and Q

  2. P and R

  3. P and S

  4. Q and R

  5. R and S
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Central atom in both NH3 (3 bond pairs, 1 lone pair) and H2O (2 bond pairs, 2 lone pairs) are sp3 hybridized. BeCl2 is non-polar molecule.