Chemistry

Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure

1,420 Questions

This section tests your knowledge of chemical bonding, molecular structure, and hybridization. It covers ionic and covalent bonds, octet rule exceptions, and molecular geometry. These chemistry questions are common in various competitive entrance examinations.

Ionic and covalent bondsHybridisation of elementsOctet rule exceptionsMolecular geometryIntermolecular forces

Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure Questions

Multiple choice

The hybridization of sulphur shown in sulphur dioxide is:

  1. sp

  2. sp2

  3. sp3

  4. sp3d

  5. dsp2
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Hybridization of ‘S’ is number of atomic orbitals involved in hybridization = 1/2 (no. of e- in outer most shell + no. of e- in σ bonds – no. of e- in π bonds) = 1/2(6 + 1 - 1) = 3. Out of the three orbitals, one is s and two are p-orbitals, hence the hybridization os ‘S’ is sp2.

Multiple choice

The electronic configuration of four elements is given below. Which has the tendency to form covalent as well as ionic bonds?

  1. 1s2

  2. 1s2, 2s2 2p2

  3. 1s2, 2s2 2p5

  4. 1s2, 2s2 22
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Configuration 1s2 2s2 2p5 represents fluorine (7 valence electrons), one electron short of octet. It can either share an electron (covalent, as in F2) or gain one (ionic, forming F-). Option A is helium (noble gas), B is carbon (forms only covalent bonds), and D has a typo in notation.

Multiple choice

Which of the following sets represents synthetic estrogens only?

  1. Chlorotrianisene, Estrone, Estriol

  2. Diethylstilbestrol, Estrone, Fosfestrol

  3. Estriol, Diethylstilbestrol, Fosfestrol

  4. Chlorotrianisene, Diethylstilbestrol, Fosfestrol

  5. Estrone, Estriol, Fosfestrol
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Chlorotrianisene is a non-steroidal synthetic estrogen that was formerly used for the treatment of menopause, deficiencies in ovary function and prostate cancer. Diethylstilbestrol is a synthetic non-steroidal estrogen that was first synthesised in 1938. Fosfestrol is a synthetic estrogen used as an antineoplastic agent.

Multiple choice

Choose the odd one out of the following.

  1. Nitrogen

  2. Zinc

  3. Bromine

  4. Iodine
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Zinc is the odd one out because it is the only metal in the list. Nitrogen, Bromine, and Iodine are all non-metals (Nitrogen is a gas, Bromine and Iodine are halogens). Zinc is a transition metal with typical metallic properties: luster, conductivity, and malleability.