Chemistry

Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure

1,277 Questions

This section tests your knowledge of chemical bonding, molecular structure, and hybridization. It covers ionic and covalent bonds, octet rule exceptions, and molecular geometry. These chemistry questions are common in various competitive entrance examinations.

Ionic and covalent bondsHybridisation of elementsOctet rule exceptionsMolecular geometryIntermolecular forces

Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is incorrect?

  1. Sodium dissolved in ammonia conducts electricity.

  2. The metallic lustre exhibited by sodium is due to the existence of body centered cubic lattice.

  3. Sodium sulphate is soluble in water.

  4. Sodium oxide is ionic in nature.

  5. Sodium does not exist in free state in nature.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

This statement is incorrect. The metallic lustre of any metal is due to the presence of oscillating free electrons in the metal.

Multiple choice

How many bonds are there in the Ethene molecules?

  1. 2 single bond, one double bond

  2. 4 single bond, one triple bond

  3. 4 single bond, one double bond

  4. 4 single bond only

  5. One double only
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The formula of ethene is CH2=CH2, between C and H is formed a single bond and C and C formed double bond. 4C-H = 4 x 1 = 4 and C-C = 1 double bond.

Multiple choice

The hybridization of sulphur shown in sulphur dioxide is:

  1. sp

  2. sp2

  3. sp3

  4. sp3d

  5. dsp2
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Hybridization of ‘S’ is number of atomic orbitals involved in hybridization = 1/2 (no. of e- in outer most shell + no. of e- in σ bonds – no. of e- in π bonds) = 1/2(6 + 1 - 1) = 3. Out of the three orbitals, one is s and two are p-orbitals, hence the hybridization os ‘S’ is sp2.

Multiple choice

The electronic configuration of four elements is given below. Which has the tendency to form covalent as well as ionic bonds?

  1. 1s2

  2. 1s2, 2s2 2p2

  3. 1s2, 2s2 2p5

  4. 1s2, 2s2 22
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Configuration 1s2 2s2 2p5 represents fluorine (7 valence electrons), one electron short of octet. It can either share an electron (covalent, as in F2) or gain one (ionic, forming F-). Option A is helium (noble gas), B is carbon (forms only covalent bonds), and D has a typo in notation.

Multiple choice

Choose the odd one out of the following.

  1. Nitrogen

  2. Zinc

  3. Bromine

  4. Iodine
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Zinc is the odd one out because it is the only metal in the list. Nitrogen, Bromine, and Iodine are all non-metals (Nitrogen is a gas, Bromine and Iodine are halogens). Zinc is a transition metal with typical metallic properties: luster, conductivity, and malleability.