Chemistry

Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure

1,420 Questions

This section tests your knowledge of chemical bonding, molecular structure, and hybridization. It covers ionic and covalent bonds, octet rule exceptions, and molecular geometry. These chemistry questions are common in various competitive entrance examinations.

Ionic and covalent bondsHybridisation of elementsOctet rule exceptionsMolecular geometryIntermolecular forces

Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following sets represents synthetic estrogens?

  1. Chlorotrianisene, Estrone, Estriol

  2. Diethylstilbestrol, Estrone, Fosfestrol

  3. Estriol, Diethylstilbestrol, Fosfestrol

  4. Chlorotrianisene, Diethylstilbestrol, Fosfestrol

  5. Estrone, Estriol, Fosfestrol
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Correct answer. Chlorotrianisene is a non-steroidal synthetic estrogen that was formerly used for the treatment of menopause, deficiencies in ovary function, and prostate cancer. Diethylstilbestrol is a synthetic non-steroidal estrogen that was first synthesised in 1938. Fosfestrol is a synthetic estrogen used as an antineoplastic agent.

Multiple choice

Which of the following bonds is present in aqueous HCl?

  1. Electrovalent bond

  2. Double covalent bond

  3. Non-Polar covalent bond

  4. Polar covlent bond

  5. Coordinate bond
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Liquified HCl does not allow the electric current to pass through it, showing the non-Polar covalent bond nature of HCl.

Multiple choice

Which of the following types of bonds can be broken by mercaptoethanol?

  1. Ionic bonds

  2. Hydrogen bonds

  3. Disulphide bonds

  4. Hydrophobic interactions

  5. Covalent bonds
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

It is an electromagnetic attractive interaction of a hydrogen atom and an electronegative atom such as nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine that comes from another molecule or chemical group.

Multiple choice

Which of the following elements is/are present in CFC’s?

  1. Fluorine

  2. Chlorine

  3. Argon

  4. Both (1) and (2)

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

CFCs (Chlorofluorocarbons) contain carbon, fluorine, and chlorine atoms - all three elements. The name itself indicates this: Chloro-Fluoro-Carbons. Argon is not present in CFCs. The answer choice D (Both 1 and 2) refers to options A (Fluorine) and B (Chlorine), making it correct.

Multiple choice

Which of the following compounds belongs to aziridine?

  1. Chlorophenamine

  2. Impramine

  3. Chloprazine

  4. Ethylene imine

  5. Ethylamine
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

This option is correct because aziridine is a three-membraned heterocyclic compound and this compound is less basic than acyclic aliphatic amine.

Multiple choice

Li resembles Mg mainly due to similarity in sizes of their atoms and ions. The main points of similarity are:

i. Both LiOH and Mg(OH)2 are strong bases. ii. Carbonates of both, on heating, decompose to produce oxides and carbon dioxide. iii. Both react with nitrogen to give covalent nitrides. iv. Both Li and Mg form solid bicarbonates. v. LiCl and MgCl2 are soluble in ethanol. vi. The hydroxides, bicarbonates and fluorides of both Li and Mg are sparingly soluble in water.

  1. i, iii and iv

  2. i, iv and vi

  3. ii, iii and v

  4. ii, v and vi

  5. iv, v and vi
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Li resembles Mg mainly due to similarity in sizes of their atoms and ions. The main points of similarity are:

  1. Both Li and Mg are quite hard.
  2. Both LiOH and Mg(OH)2 are weak bases.
  3. Carbonates of both Li and Mg on heating decompose to produce oxides and carbon dioxide.
  4. Both Li and Mg react with nitrogen to give ionic nitrides.
  5. Nitrates of both Li and Mg decompose on heating to give oxides.
  6. Both Li and Mg do not form solid bicarbonates.
  7. Because of covalent character, LiCl and MgCl2 are soluble in ethanol.
  8. The hydroxides, bicarbonates and fluorides of both Li and Mg are sparingly soluble in water.
Multiple choice

The molecule having the smallest bond angle is __________.

  1. AlCl3

  2. CH4

  3. H2O

  4. H2S

  5. XeF4
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

XeF4 has square planar geometry with bond angle 90o. It has the least bond angle among the given molecules. Increasing order of bond angle: XeF4 (90o) < H2S (92.3o) < H2O (104.5o) < CH4 (109.5o) < AlCl3 (120o)

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is incorrect?

  1. Sodium dissolved in ammonia conducts electricity.

  2. The metallic lustre exhibited by sodium is due to the existence of body centered cubic lattice.

  3. Sodium sulphate is soluble in water.

  4. Sodium oxide is ionic in nature.

  5. Sodium does not exist in free state in nature.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

This statement is incorrect. The metallic lustre of any metal is due to the presence of oscillating free electrons in the metal.

Multiple choice

How many bonds are there in the Ethene molecules?

  1. 2 single bond, one double bond

  2. 4 single bond, one triple bond

  3. 4 single bond, one double bond

  4. 4 single bond only

  5. One double only
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The formula of ethene is CH2=CH2, between C and H is formed a single bond and C and C formed double bond. 4C-H = 4 x 1 = 4 and C-C = 1 double bond.