Biology · Science General

Cell Biology and Structure

3,062 Questions

Cell biology focuses on the structure and function of cellular organelles. Key topics include cellular respiration, DNA inheritance, and energy production. These fundamental biology concepts are crucial for medical entrance and state service examinations.

Cell organelles functionsCellular respiration sitesDNA and ribosomesAnimal cell structurePlant cell components

Cell Biology and Structure Questions

Multiple choice

The spread of oncogenic cells in the body is known as

  1. new synthesis

  2. metastasis

  3. angiogenesis

  4. apoptosis

  5. biosynthesis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Metastasis is the process by which cancer cells spread from the original tumour and set up secondary tumours in other parts of the body.

Multiple choice

The uptake of fluid or consequent formation of small vacuole is called_________.

  1. exocytosis

  2. phagocytosis

  3. exosmosis

  4. pinocytosis

  5. endosmosis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Endocytosis is the process of uptake of fluid or particles through the cell membrane and consequent formation of vacuoles. Pinocytosis is a type of endocytosis, which is similar to phagocytosis, but the substances ingested are in fluid form. It is also called cell drinking. The vacuole formed in pinocytosis is called pinosomes. It is noticed in amoeba. It requires energy.

Multiple choice

Match the column – I (Structures of cells) with column – II (Relative functions) and select the correct option.

 
Column – I
Column – II
A. Cytoplasmic membrane 1. Mineral storage of cells
B. Ribosome 2. Protein synthesis
C. Inclusion body 3. Tough, heat resistant structure that helps bacteria survive in adverse conditions
D. Endospore 4. Regulation of substance transport into and out of cells

  1. A - 1, B - 2, C - 3, D - 4

  2. A - 2, B - 1, C - 4, D - 3

  3. A - 4, B - 2, C - 1, D - 3

  4. A - 3, B - 2, C - 4, D - 1

  5. A - 4, B - 3, C - 2, D - 1
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Correct matching is A - 4, B - 2, C - 1, D - 3.

Multiple choice

Which of the following does not have DNA?

  1. Peroxisome

  2. Chloroplast

  3. Nucleus

  4. Mitochondria
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Peroxisomes are membrane-bound organelles that contain enzymes for oxidation reactions, particularly breaking down fatty acids and detoxifying harmful substances. Unlike mitochondria and chloroplasts, peroxisomes do not contain DNA or ribosomes. They are believed to have evolved from the endoplasmic reticulum and cannot replicate independently - they must be synthesized by the cell. Mitochondria, chloroplasts, and nuclei all contain their own DNA.

Multiple choice

In Spirogyra, the nucleus is suspended in the cell with the help of

  1. chloroplast

  2. vacuole

  3. cytoplasmic strands

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

In Spirogyra, the nucleus is suspended by cytoplasmic strands that radiate from the central axis to the cell periphery. These delicate strands of cytoplasm provide structural support, holding the nucleus in place within the large vacuolated cell. The chloroplasts are arranged in helical spirals, while the vacuole occupies most of the cell's interior volume.