Biology · Science General

Cell Biology and Structure

3,062 Questions

Cell biology focuses on the structure and function of cellular organelles. Key topics include cellular respiration, DNA inheritance, and energy production. These fundamental biology concepts are crucial for medical entrance and state service examinations.

Cell organelles functionsCellular respiration sitesDNA and ribosomesAnimal cell structurePlant cell components

Cell Biology and Structure Questions

Multiple choice

Secretion is the main function of

  1. golgi apparatus

  2. mitochondria

  3. lysosomes

  4. ribosomes

  5. centrosomes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option as the main function of golgi apparatus is secretion.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is/are false?

a. Cells divide to produce cells of their own kind as all cells come from pre-existing cells. b. The theory that all the plants and animals are composed of cells and that cell is the basic unit of life was proposed by Purkinje in 1839. c. Plasma membrane allows or permits the entry and exit of some materials in and out of the cell.

  1. Only a

  2. Both a and b

  3. Only b

  4. Both b and c

  5. Only c
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option.

Multiple choice

Which of the following functions are performed by a cell with the help of its various membrane-bound organelles?

  1. A cell has to synthesise substances.

  2. It has to secrete cell products.

  3. It has to digest those substances which are taken up by the cell during endocytosis.

  4. It has to generate energy.

  5. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option as all of the above are the functions that are performed by a cell with the help of its various membrane-bound organelles.

Multiple choice

Match the following:

 
a. Cell wall 1. A large, centrally located spherical cellular component bounded by two nuclear membranes
b. Cytoplasm 2. The part of cell which occurs between the plasma membrane and nuclear envelope
c. Nucleus 3. The rigid outermost cell layer found in plants, but absent in animal cells

  1. a - 3, b - 1, c - 2

  2. a - 3, b - 2, c - 1

  3. a - 2, b - 3, c - 1

  4. a - 1, b - 2, c - 3

  5. a - 1, b - 3, c - 2
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements regarding mitochondria is false?

  1. Mitochondria occur in the cells of aerobic organisms with the exception of mammalian RBCs.

  2. They are colourless.

  3. They are generally disc-like in the outline.

  4. They liberate energy.

  5. Mitochondria perform oxidation of food.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option as this is a false statement. The mitochondria is rod-like or sausage shaped.

Multiple choice

Match the following ||| |---|---| |a. Plastids|1. They are small and spherical organelles containing powerful oxidative enzymes. | |b. Vacuoles|2. They are self-replicating organelles like the mitochondria. | |c. Peroxisomes|3. They are fluid-filled or solid-filled and membrane bounded organelle.|

  1. a - 2, b - 1, c - 3

  2. a - 1, b - 2, c - 3

  3. a - 3, b - 2, c - 1

  4. a - 2, b - 3, c - 1

  5. a - 1, b - 3, c - 2
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option. Plastids are self-replicating organelles like the mitochondria. Vacuoles are fluid-filled or solid-filled and membrane bounded organelle.Peroxisomes are small and spherical organelles containing powerful oxidative enzymes.

Multiple choice

Which of the following given molecules are involved in the gripping of cells to an extracellular matrix?

  1. Integrins

  2. Angiostatin

  3. Interleukins

  4. Cyclins

  5. Promegapoietin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Integrins are a family of transmembrane glycoprotein receptors that mediate cell-matrix. They are involved in the anchoring of cells to an extracellular matrix. They affect tumour progression has made them an appealing target for cancer therapy.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is INCORRECT concerning lung cancer in human beings?

  1. Nearly 40% of lung cancers are adenocarcinoma, which usually originates in peripheral lung tissue.

  2. In small-cell lung carcinoma (SCLC), the cells contain dense neurosecretory granules.

  3. Lung cancer staging is an assessment of the degree of spread of the cancer from its original source.

  4. In a suffer about 80-90% of small cell carcinomas have spread beyond the thorax at the time of diagnosis.

  5. The original lung cancer never spreads to other body parts.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

If the original lung cancer has spread, a person may feel symptoms in other places in the body. Common places for lung cancer to spread include other parts of the lungs, lymph nodes, bones, brain, liver, and adrenal glands.

Multiple choice

A receptor is a protein molecule usually found embedded within the plasma membrane surface of a cell. Which of the following statements does not characterise receptors?

  1. The nuclear receptors are located in the cytosol.

  2. They speed up reactions on chemical messengers.

  3. Many of them are proteins being lying in the cell membrane.

  4. They get attached to the chemical messengers, such as neurotransmitters or hormones.

  5. Receptors accomodates a shallow cleft on their surface, which is particularly known as a binding site.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

While they are called nuclear receptors, these are actually located in the cytosol and migrate to the nucleus after binding with their ligands.

Multiple choice

The small size of a cell is favourable because ______________.

  1. it provides larger surface/ volume ratio

  2. it provides larger volume/ surface ratio

  3. it reduces the activity of the cell

  4. it reduces the area of the cell
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Smaller size of a cell provides larger surface/volume ratio, which increases the efficiency of the cells.