Biology · Science General

Cell Biology and Structure

3,221 Questions

Cell biology focuses on the structure and function of cellular organelles. Key topics include cellular respiration, DNA inheritance, and energy production. These fundamental biology concepts are crucial for medical entrance and state service examinations.

Cell organelles functionsCellular respiration sitesDNA and ribosomesAnimal cell structurePlant cell components

Cell Biology and Structure Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following is the incorrect statement?

  1. Ribosomes are known as protein factories.

  2. Ribosomes are not present in human RBCs.

  3. Ribosomes are composed of ribonucleic acid and proteins.

  4. Ribosomes are the largest organelles in animals.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Ribosomes are the smallest organelles in animals. They are found either in free state in the cytoplasm or attached to the surface of endoplasmic reticulum.

Multiple choice

Which of the following terms refers to PCD?

  1. Anoikis
  2. Entosis
  3. Necrosis
  4. Apoptosis

  1. 1 and 2

  2. 1 and 4

  3. 2 and 3

  4. 2 and 4

  5. 3 and 4
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

This option is correct because apoptosis is the process of programmed cell death that may occur in multicellular organisms where biochemical events lead to characteristic changes in morphology of cell and death. These changes include blebbing, cell shrinkage, nuclear fragmentation, chromatin condensation and chromosomal DNA fragmentation. Anoikis is a form of programmed cell death which is induced by anchorage-dependent cells detaching from the surrounding extracellular matrix.

Multiple choice

Assertion: In capping, methyl guanosine triphosphate is added to the 5'-end of hnRNA. Reason: In tailing, adenylate residues are added at 3'-end in a template independent manner.

In the following question, there are two statements, Assertion (A) and Reason (R), consider both the statements independently and mark your answers as given under:

1. A and R both are correct, and R is correct explanation of A.
2. A and R both are correct, and R is not correct explanation of A.
3. A is correct and R is incorrect.
4. A is incorrect and R is correct.
5. A and R both are incorrect.

  1. A and R both are correct and R is the correct explanation of A.

  2. A and R both are correct and R is not the correct explanation of A.

  3. A is correct and R is incorrect.

  4. A is incorrect and R is correct.

  5. A and R both are incorrect.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

This option is correct because in capping, methyl guanosine triphosphate is added to the 5'-end of hnRNA. In tailing, adenylate residues are added at 3'-end in a template independent manner. It is the fully processed hnRNA, now called mRNA, that is transported out of the nucleus for translation.

Multiple choice

Which statement is incorrect?

  1. The cell membrane is the outer most covering of the cell.

  2. The cell membrane is also known as plasma membrane.

  3. The cell wall is present in algae, fungi, bacteria and plants.

  4. The cell wall is absent in animal cells and protozoa.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

 Yes, it is the incorrect statement. Cell wall is the outermost covering of the cell. If it is not present then cell membrane is the outermost covering.

Multiple choice

What is the shape of white blood cells?

  1. Round

  2. Long and branched

  3. Elongated spindle shaped

  4. No particular shape
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

 Yes, it is correct. White blood cells do not have any particular shape. Its like amoeba, no definite shape.

Multiple choice

A plant cell ________.
    1. has a cell wall 2. has chloroplast 3. has many vacuoles 4. has a centrally placed nucleus
    1. has a cell wall 2.has chloroplast 3. has a centrally placed vacuole 4. has a nucleus which is present near the side wall of a cell
    1. has a cell wall 2. has chloroplast 3. has a centrally placed vacuole 4. has a nucleus which is present near the side wall of cell
    1. has a cell wall 2. does not have chloroplast 3. has a centrally placed vacuole 4. has a centrally placed nucleus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

 Yes, it is correct as a plant has a cell wall, chloroplast, a centrally placed vacoule and a nucleus, present near the side wall.

Multiple choice

Which human cells have no nucleus?

  1. Muscle cells

  2. Red blood cells

  3. White blood cells

  4. Nerve cell
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

 Yes, it is correct. The red blood cells in humans contain no nucleus.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements defines cell membrane?

  1. It gives plants cells extra strength and also a shape.

  2. A large sugary liquid filled space in a plant cell.

  3. It controls the cell's activities.

  4. Most of the liquid in an animal cell.

  5. The thin outer layer of an animal cell.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Yes, it is the cell membrane.

Multiple choice

What will happen if the ribosomes of a cell are destroyed?

  1. Fats will not be stored.

  2. Proteins will not be formed.

  3. Cell wall will not form.

  4. Respiration will not take place.

  5. Photosynthesis will not take place.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Ribosomes are the protein factories of the cell, if ribosomes of the cell are destroyed then proteins will not be formed.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is not stated in cell theory?

  1. Cells are the basic structural units of living organisms.

  2. New cells are formed due to division in old cells.

  3. All cells are identical.

  4. The way an organism functions depends on the way the cells work.

  5. The organisation of cells in the body of a living organism determines its structure.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

No, this statement is not stated in cell theory. All cells are similar in their basic structure and function, but are not identical.