Biology · Science General

Cell Biology and Structure

3,062 Questions

Cell biology focuses on the structure and function of cellular organelles. Key topics include cellular respiration, DNA inheritance, and energy production. These fundamental biology concepts are crucial for medical entrance and state service examinations.

Cell organelles functionsCellular respiration sitesDNA and ribosomesAnimal cell structurePlant cell components

Cell Biology and Structure Questions

Multiple choice

The cells responsible for maintaining the blood brain barrier forming a 3-D framework for the central nervous system and including the repair work in damaged neural tissue are ____________.

  1. stem cells

  2. ependymal cells

  3. astrocytes

  4. oligodendrocytes

  5. glial cells
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Astrocytes have many cytoplasmic processes terminating on blood vessels. These cells are engaged in all essential CNS functions including blood flow regulation, maintaining the blood brain barrier, energy metabolism, ion and water homeostasis, immune defence of the body, etc.

Multiple choice

Which among the following is found in the inner chloroplast membrane?

  1. Pyrenoids

  2. Chloroplast ribosomes

  3. Plastoglobuli

  4. Stroma

  5. Peripheral reticulum
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The protein-rich alkaline aqueous fluid within the inner chloroplast membrane and outside of the thylakoid space is called the stroma, which corresponds to the cytosol of the original cyanobacterium.  

Multiple choice

Which among the following is not among the functions of the cytoplasm of a cell?

  1. Cytoplasm provides support to the internal structures of the cell.

  2. Acts as a site for transcription.

  3. Anaerobic glycolysis and protein synthesis takes place in the cytoplasm.

  4. The enzymes in the cytosol break down large molecules, thereby helping the organelles to use them.

  5. It helps in the movement of the internal organelles.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Nucleus is a site for transcription in which messenger RNA (mRNA) are produced for protein synthesis.

Multiple choice

The stability of the cell is maintained by __________________.

  1. lysosomes

  2. cytoplasm

  3. chromosomes

  4. golgi bodies

  5. ribosomes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

They are the jelly types of organelles, which are present in the inner region of a cell. It plays a vital role in keeping a cell in a stable and keeps the cell organelles separate from each other.

Multiple choice

The cell organelle derived from the Golgi apparatus is _________________.

  1. acrosome

  2. centriole

  3. cilium

  4. glycosome

  5. glyoxysomes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The acrosome is an organelle that develops over the anterior half of the head in the spermatozoa (sperm cells) of many animals. It is a cap-like structure derived from the Golgi apparatus. Acrosome formation is completed during testicular maturation.

Multiple choice

The cell organelle formed by the pockets of chloroplast membrane is the __________________.

  1. spliceosome

  2. vault

  3. proteasome

  4. tannosomes

  5. axoneme
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Tannosomes are organelles found in plant cells of vascular plants. Tannosomes are formed when chloroplast membrane form pockets filled with tannin. Slowly, the pockets break off as tiny vacuoles that carry tannin and went toward the large vacuole filled with acidic fluid. Tannin are then released into the vacuole and stored inside as tannin accretions.

Multiple choice

Which among the following molecules is/are involved in the gripping of cells to an extracellular matrix during a tumor progression in an individual?

  1. Cyclins

  2. Interleukins

  3. Angiostatin

  4. Integrins

  5. Kringle domains
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Integrins are a family of transmembrane glycoprotein receptors that mediate cell-matrix. They are involved in the anchoring of cells to an extracellular matrix. They affect tumour progression has made them an appealing target for cancer therapy.

Multiple choice

The growth of new blood vessels in the body is known as

  1. biosynthesis

  2. apoptosis

  3. angiogenesis

  4. metastasis

  5. metagenomics
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Angiogenesis is the term used to indicate the growth of new blood vessels.It is a normal and vital process in growth and development, as well as in wound healing.