Biology · Science General

Cell Biology and Structure

3,062 Questions

Cell biology focuses on the structure and function of cellular organelles. Key topics include cellular respiration, DNA inheritance, and energy production. These fundamental biology concepts are crucial for medical entrance and state service examinations.

Cell organelles functionsCellular respiration sitesDNA and ribosomesAnimal cell structurePlant cell components

Cell Biology and Structure Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following is not correctly matched?

  1. Photorespiration - Peroxisome

  2. ATP Synthesis - Ribosome

  3. Production of ribosomal subunits - Nucleolus

  4. Maintaining structure of the cell - Microtubules

  5. Increasing surface area of plasma membrane - Mesosome
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The mitochondria play a central role in making chemical energy available to the cell (ATP Synthesis). Ribosomes are the sites for protein synthesis.

Multiple choice

Which of the following are semi-autonomous organelles?

  1. Mitochondria and golgi apparatus

  2. Chloroplast and mitochondria

  3. Golgi apparatus and lysosomes

  4. Chloroplast and golgi apparatus

  5. Mitochondria and lysosomes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Although they exist within cells, chloroplasts and mitochondria are sometimes referred to as semi-autonomous organelles because they contain their own DNA and reproduce independently of the nucleus of the eukaryotic cell in which they are located.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statement is incorrect?

  1. Acrosomes are produced by Golgi complex.

  2. The principal protein of cilia and flagella is globulin.

  3. Centrosome is responsible for initiation of cell division.

  4. The site for detoxification reaction in liver is SER.

  5. Cellular organelles containing hydrolytic enzymes are lysosomes.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The principal protein of cilia and flagella is tubulin.

Multiple choice

Tonoplasts are ___________.

  1. cellular organelles that contain acid hydrolase enzymes that break down waste materials and cellular debris

  2. aggregation of several ribosomes held together by a single strand of m-RNA

  3. differentially permeable membranes surrounding the vacuole

  4. transmembrane glycoproteins, which are located in the membrane of the rough endoplasmic reticulum

  5. the part of a cell that helps to organize microtubules and are involved in mitosis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Tonoplasts are differentially permeable membranes surrounding the vacuole. 

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding mitochondria?

  1. Mitochondria are cell organelles with electrons transport system.

  2. Solar energy is converted into ATP in mitochondria.

  3. Syntesis of ATP in mitochondria takes place at the cristae.

  4. The enzymes for Kreb’s cycle in mitochondria are located in perimitochondrial space.

  5. Mitochondria are yellow in colour due to presence of riboflavin.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The enzymes for Kreb’s cycle in mitochondria are located in mitochondrial matrix.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is a set of cell components without membrane?

  1. Endoplasmic Reticulum, Golgi complex, Lysosome

  2. Ribosome, Nucleolus, Chromosome

  3. Lysosome, Ribosome, Chromosome

  4. Nucleolus, Endoplasmic Reticulum, Golgi complex

  5. Ribosome, Nucleolus, Lysosome
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Ribosome, Nucleolus, Chromosome: All are cell components without membrane.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is the wrong statement?

  1. ER is attached with nuclear membrane.

  2. The strength and rigidity of cell wall is due to cellulose.

  3. Enzymes found in lysosomes are hydrolytic enzymes.

  4. Steroidal hormone is synthesized by smooth ER.

  5. Aleuroplasts are protein storage plastids.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The strength and rigidity of cell wall is due to lignin.

Multiple choice

Consider the following statements regarding eukaryotic cells. Which of the following is/are incorrect?

  1. Transcription occurs in nucleus while translation takes place in cytoplasm.
  2. Nuclear DNA is circular while extranuclear DNA is linear.
  3. Endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi bodies are absent.

  1. 1 only

  2. 1 and 2 only

  3. 1 and 3 only

  4. 2 and 3 only

  5. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Nuclear DNA is linear while extranuclear DNA is circular in eukaryotic cells. Endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi bodies are present in eukaryotic cells.

Multiple choice

Which of the following are double membrane bounded cell organelles?

  1. Golgi complex, Vacuole, Nucleus

  2. Centriole, Vacuole, Chloroplast

  3. Nucleus, Mitochondria, Chloroplast

  4. Centrosome, Centriole, Nucleolus

  5. Mitochondria, Centrosome, Golgi complex
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Nucleus, Mitochondria, Chloroplasts: Cell components with double membranes