Biology · Science General

Cell Biology and Structure

3,221 Questions

Cell biology focuses on the structure and function of cellular organelles. Key topics include cellular respiration, DNA inheritance, and energy production. These fundamental biology concepts are crucial for medical entrance and state service examinations.

Cell organelles functionsCellular respiration sitesDNA and ribosomesAnimal cell structurePlant cell components

Cell Biology and Structure Questions

Multiple choice

The cell organelle formed by the pockets of chloroplast membrane is the __________________.

  1. spliceosome

  2. vault

  3. proteasome

  4. tannosomes

  5. axoneme
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Tannosomes are organelles found in plant cells of vascular plants. Tannosomes are formed when chloroplast membrane form pockets filled with tannin. Slowly, the pockets break off as tiny vacuoles that carry tannin and went toward the large vacuole filled with acidic fluid. Tannin are then released into the vacuole and stored inside as tannin accretions.

Multiple choice

Carbonic anhydrous is found in __________.

  1. RBC

  2. WBC

  3. Blood plasma

  4. Blood platelets

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The enzyme is called carbonic anhydrase, not 'carbonic anhydrous'. Carbonic anhydrase is found in red blood cells (RBCs) and catalyzes the conversion of CO2 and water to bicarbonate and protons, essential for CO2 transport.

Multiple choice

Which of the following organelles is credited for the emergence of Nissl bodies in the cell bodies of motor neurons?

  1. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum

  2. The rough endoplasmic reticulum

  3. The basal ganglia

  4. Basal body
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The surface of the rough endoplasmic reticulum is studied with protein-manufacturing ribosomes giving it a rough appearance. It is credited for the emergence of Nissl bodies in the cell bodies of motor neurons.

Multiple choice

What characteristic domain is found in eukaryotic proteins that enable them to enter the endoplasmic reticulum?

  1. Stop transfer domain

  2. Signal sequence

  3. Signal sequence receptor

  4. Signal recognition protein
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The proteins that are designated to enter endoplasmic reticulum for post translational modification bear a characteristic signal sequence generally on their N terminal that is used by specific receptor in ER membrane to make its entr yin to ER lumen.

Multiple choice

Genes whose products are constantly needed for the maintenance of the cells are called

  1. inducible genes

  2. constitutive genes

  3. facultative genes

  4. housekeeping genes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

A housekeeping gene is typically a constitutive gene that is transcribed at a relatively constant level. The housekeeping gene's products are typically needed for maintenance of the cell. It is generally assumed that their expression is unaffected by experimental conditions. Examples include actin, GAPDH and ubiquitin.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements regarding a cell wall is false?

  1. It occurs in a plant cell.

  2. It lies inside a cell.

  3. It is non-living and quite thick in plant cells.

  4. It is formed of cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin.

  5. Its function is to provide protection and strength to a cell.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is/are false?

a. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum helps in the manufacture of lipids, which are important for cell functioning. b. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum plays a crucial role in detoxifying many poisons and drugs. c. Organs are made up of organelles. Organelles comprise of cells and cells are made up of tissues.

  1. Only a

  2. Both a and b

  3. Only b

  4. Both b and c

  5. Only c
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is not a function of the endoplasmic reticulum?

  1. It forms supporting skeletal framework of the cell.

  2. Rough ER is concerned with the transport of proteins.

  3. Certain enzymes present in the smooth ER synthesise fats, steroids and cholesterol.

  4. It produces vacuoles which contain cellular secretion.

  5. ER provides a pathway for the distribution of nuclear material from one cell to the other.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option.