Biology · Science General

Cell Biology and Structure

3,062 Questions

Cell biology focuses on the structure and function of cellular organelles. Key topics include cellular respiration, DNA inheritance, and energy production. These fundamental biology concepts are crucial for medical entrance and state service examinations.

Cell organelles functionsCellular respiration sitesDNA and ribosomesAnimal cell structurePlant cell components

Cell Biology and Structure Questions

Multiple choice

What is the site of protein synthesis in a cell?

  1. Nucleus

  2. Ribosome

  3. Golgi bodies

  4. Endoplasmic reticulum

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Ribosomes are cellular structures where proteins are synthesized, translating mRNA into amino acid chains. While the nucleus contains DNA and the endoplasmic reticulum has ribosomes attached to it, only ribosomes themselves perform the actual protein synthesis.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is incorrect according to the cell theory?

  1. All living organisms are made up of cells

  2. Cell is the basic unit of life

  3. Cells contain components called organs

  4. Cells arise from the pre-existing cells
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Cell theory states that all organisms are composed of cells, the cell is the basic unit of life, and cells arise from pre-existing cells. Option C incorrectly states cells have 'organs' when they have 'organelles' - organs are tissue-level structures in multicellular organisms.

Multiple choice

What is the function of golgi apparatus?

  1. Storage, transportation and protein synthesis

  2. Storage, packaging and transport of proteins and lipids

  3. Storage and synthesis of proteins

  4. Synthesis of lipid vesicles, transportation and packaging
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The Golgi apparatus functions as the cell's packaging and distribution center - it stores, modifies, packages, and transports proteins and lipids received from the endoplasmic reticulum to their destinations. Protein synthesis occurs at ribosomes, not the Golgi.

Multiple choice

Which of the following type of cell can be seen with the naked eye?

  1. Egg cell of a hen

  2. Cells of an elephant's brain

  3. Neurons of a giant squid

  4. No single cell can be seen with a naked eye

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

A hen's egg is a single cell that is clearly visible to the naked eye, measuring several centimeters. While some neurons can be very long (giant squid axons can be meters long), they're microscopic in diameter. Option D is false because large eggs like those of birds are definitely visible.

Multiple choice

Which cell in human body does not divide after a certain age?

  1. Nerve cell

  2. Blood cell

  3. Muscle cell

  4. Bone cell
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Nerve cells (neurons) are post-mitotic, meaning they exit the cell cycle permanently and do not divide after reaching maturity. This is unlike blood cells, muscle cells, and bone cells which can undergo division or regeneration. Neurons remain in G0 phase throughout life.

Multiple choice

According to the cell theory, which of the following statement is correct?

  1. All cells have cell walls.

  2. Cells can arise spontaneously.

  3. Cell is the basic structural unit in living organisms.

  4. Organelles of a cell can survive independently.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Cell theory states that all living organisms are composed of cells, and the cell is the basic structural and functional unit of life. This is a fundamental principle - cells arise only from pre-existing cells (not spontaneously), organelles cannot survive independently, and not all cells have cell walls (animal cells lack them).

Multiple choice

Which is the longest cell in our body?

  1. RBC

  2. Nerve cell

  3. Ovum

  4. Stem cell

  5. Muscle cell
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

A nerve cell also known as a neuron is an electrically excitable cell that processes and transmits information through electrical and chemical signals. Neurons connect to each other to form neural networks. Neurons are the core components of the nervous system, which includes the brain and spinal cord. It is the longest cell with a length of 90 cm -100 cm linking the central nervous system.

Multiple choice

Where are the respiratory enzymes located?

  1. Mitochondrial matrix

  2. Peri mitochondrial space

  3. Cristae

  4. Outer membrane
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Respiratory enzymes are located in mitochondrial matrix of the cell. It is also called power house of the cell.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is not a property of a multicellular organism?

  1. Cells are specialised to perform different functions of the body.

  2. A single cell performs one or few activities of the organism.

  3. A multicellular organism consists of large number of cells.

  4. Only some cells of the body called germ cells take part in reproduction.

  5. The life span of an individual cell is short.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option as this is not a property of multicellular organisms. In multicellular organisms, the life span of an individual cell is long.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is/are false?

a. Electron microscope uses a beam of electrons instead of light. b. According to the cell theory, all metabolic reactions take place outside the cell. c. Cells of multicellular organism are different in shape and size.

  1. Only a

  2. Only a and b

  3. Only b

  4. Only b and c

  5. Only c
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option as this statement is false. According to the cell theory, all metabolic reactions take place in the cell.