Biology · Science General

Cell Biology and Structure

3,221 Questions

Cell biology focuses on the structure and function of cellular organelles. Key topics include cellular respiration, DNA inheritance, and energy production. These fundamental biology concepts are crucial for medical entrance and state service examinations.

Cell organelles functionsCellular respiration sitesDNA and ribosomesAnimal cell structurePlant cell components

Cell Biology and Structure Questions

Multiple choice

Genes are present ________.

  1. on cell wall

  2. in vacuole

  3. on outer membrane of mitochondrion

  4. on DNA in nucleus

  5. in ribosome
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Genes are the hereditary units located on DNA in nucleus.

Multiple choice

Identify the statement which is correct regarding protoplasm?

  1. It consists of contents inside nuclear membrane.

  2. It consists of contents between cell membrane and nuclear membrane.

  3. It consists of contents between to cells.

  4. It consists of all contents inside cell membrane.

  5. It consists of contents between cell wall and cell membrane.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Protoplasm is the entire content of the living cell. It includes cytoplasm and nucleus.

Multiple choice

Why do golgi bodies have connections with the membranes of ER?

  1. To prevent the membranes from mechanical injury

  2. To store and dispatch the materials synthesised by ER

  3. To form lysosomes in ER

  4. To transport ribosomes into ER
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The main function of golgi body is to store and dispatch the materials synthesised by ER.

Multiple choice

Which of the following structures is/are found only in the perikaryon of neuron?

  1. Microtubules

  2. Neurofilaments

  3. Mitochondria

  4. Nissl bodies

  5. Golgi apparatus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

The golgi apparatus is a stack of flattened compartments where molecules are packaged for delivery to other cell components or for secretion from the cell. It is present only in the cell body or soma of neuron. It is present close to the nucleus and is absent in axon and dendrites.

Multiple choice

The soma or perikaryon or cyton is the bulbous end of a neuron containing the cell nucleus. Nissl body, also known as nissl or tigroid substance, a large granular body found in the cyton or dendrites of neurons is:

  1. erythrocyte

  2. WBC

  3. eosinophil

  4. thrombocyte

  5. lymphocyte
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Erythrocytes, also known as red blood cells (RBCs), function to transport oxygen in the blood. Mammalian erythrocytes are typically shaped as biconcave disks that are flattened and depressed in the center with a dumbbell shaped cross section and a torus shaped rim on the edge of the disk. Oxygen transport is efficient because the cells have a flattened disc shape to increase surface area allowing rapid diffusion of oxygen, and they contain haemoglobin which absorbs oxygen in the lungs and releases oxygen in the rest of the body.

Multiple choice

The cells responsible for maintaining the blood brain barrier forming a 3-D framework for the central nervous system and including the repair work in damaged neural tissue are ________.

  1. stem cells

  2. ependymal cells

  3. astrocytes

  4. oligodendrocytes

  5. glial cells
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Astrocytes have many cytoplasmic processes terminating on blood vessels. These cells are engaged in all essential CNS functions including blood flow regulation, maintaining the blood brain barrier, energy metabolism, ion and water homeostasis, immune defence of the body, etc.

Multiple choice

What is true about EMEM with respect to tissue culture?

  1. It contains amino acids, salts, glucose and vitamins and is used to maintain cells in tissue culture.

  2. It contains amino acids, alkalies and minerals and is used to maintain temperature in tissue culture.

  3. It contains organic acids and is used to multiply cells.

  4. It contains acids, salts, glucose and fructose and is used to generate epithelial cells.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Eagle's minimal essential medium (EMEM) is a cell culture medium developed by Harry Eagle that can be used to maintain cells in tissue culture. It contains amino acids, salts (calcium chloride, potassium chloride, magnesium sulfate, sodium chloride, and monosodium phosphate), glucose, vitamins (folic acid, nicotinamide, riboflavin, B12).