Biology · Science General

Cell Biology and Structure

3,221 Questions

Cell biology focuses on the structure and function of cellular organelles. Key topics include cellular respiration, DNA inheritance, and energy production. These fundamental biology concepts are crucial for medical entrance and state service examinations.

Cell organelles functionsCellular respiration sitesDNA and ribosomesAnimal cell structurePlant cell components

Cell Biology and Structure Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following are called suicidal bags of the cell?

  1. Mitochondria

  2. Ribosomes

  3. Lysosomes

  4. Golgi apparatus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Lysosomes are called the suicidal bags of the cell. They are cellular organelles that contain acid hydrolase enzymes that break down waste materials and cellular debris. 

Multiple choice

Quantasomes are found in

  1. mitochondria

  2. chloroplast

  3. endoplasmic reticulum

  4. lysosomes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Quantasomes are particles found in the thylakoid membrane of chloroplasts in which photosynthesis takes place. This particle is embedded in a paracrystalline array on the surface of thylakoid discs in chloroplasts.

Multiple choice

Ribosomes may be called as

  1. microsome

  2. dictyosome

  3. ribonucleo protein

  4. oxysomes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Ribonucleoprotein is a nucleoprotein that contains RNA, i.e. it is an association that combines ribonucleic acid and protein together. Ribosomes are made up of it.

Multiple choice

Lipid molecules in plasma membrane are arranged in which manner?

  1. Scattered

  2. Series

  3. Alternate

  4. Head parallel
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Their hydrophobic regions pass through the membrane and interact with the hydrophobic tails of the lipid molecules in the interior of the bilayer, where they are sequestered away from water. Their hydrophilic regions are exposed to water on either side of the membrane, i.e. they are arranged in the head parallel arrangement.

Multiple choice

Golgi body originates from

  1. lysosome

  2. endoplasmic reticulum

  3. mitochondria

  4. cell membrane
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Golgi bodies are membrane-enclosed disks known as cisternae originating from vesicular clusters that bud off the endoplasmic reticulum.

Multiple choice

The largest number of chloroplasts are found in

  1. palisade tissue

  2. spongy tissue

  3. transfusion tissue

  4. bundle sheath cell

  5. -
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Palisade parenchyma is an upper layer of ground tissue in a leaf and consists of elongated cells beneath and perpendicular to the upper epidermis. It constitutes the primary area of photosynthesis owing to the presence of large number of chloroplasts in it.

Multiple choice

Why do golgi bodies have connections with the membranes of ER?

  1. To prevent the membranes from mechanical injury

  2. To store and dispatch the materials synthesised by ER

  3. To form lysosomes in ER

  4. To transport ribosomes to ER
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Golgi bodies have connections with the membranes of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) so as to store, pack and dispatch the materials (lipids and proteins) synthesised by rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

Multiple choice

Which part of a cell determines the way the cell will develop?

  1. Nucleoid

  2. Plasma membrane

  3. Cytoplasm

  4. Nucleus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Nucleus plays a central role in cellular reproduction, the process by which a single cell divides and forms two new cells. It also plays a crucial part, along with the environment, in determining the way the cell will develop and what form it will exhibit at maturity.

Multiple choice

Match the following.

(1) Robert Hook

(2) Scleiden and Schwann (3) Robert Brown (4) Purkinje | (i) Nucleus (ii) Protoplasm (iii) Cell as a basic unit of life (iv) Cell |

  1. 1 - iv, 2 - ii, 3 - iii, 4 - i

  2. 1 - iv, 2 - iii, 3 - i, 4 - ii

  3. 1 - iv, 2 - ii, 3 - i , 4 - iii

  4. 1 - iv, 2 - i, 3 - ii, 4 - iii
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

  ||| |---|---| |
(1) Robert Hook
(2) Scleiden and Schwann
(3) Robert Brown
(4) Purkinje |
(i) Cell 
(ii) Cell as a basic unit of life
(iii) Nucleus
(iv) Protoplasm |  

Multiple choice

Why is cell called the structural and functional unit of life?

  1. Because it shows division of labour

  2. Because it performs all the characteristic functions of a living being

  3. Because it synthesises proteins, which are building blocks of life

  4. Because all cells have the same organelles irrespective of their functions and locations
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

 A cell is called the structural and functional unit of life as it performs all the characteristic functions of a living being.