Biology · Science General

Cell Biology and Structure

3,062 Questions

Cell biology focuses on the structure and function of cellular organelles. Key topics include cellular respiration, DNA inheritance, and energy production. These fundamental biology concepts are crucial for medical entrance and state service examinations.

Cell organelles functionsCellular respiration sitesDNA and ribosomesAnimal cell structurePlant cell components

Cell Biology and Structure Questions

Multiple choice

The largest number of chloroplasts are found in

  1. palisade tissue

  2. spongy tissue

  3. transfusion tissue

  4. bundle sheath cell

  5. -
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Palisade parenchyma is an upper layer of ground tissue in a leaf and consists of elongated cells beneath and perpendicular to the upper epidermis. It constitutes the primary area of photosynthesis owing to the presence of large number of chloroplasts in it.

Multiple choice

Why do golgi bodies have connections with the membranes of ER?

  1. To prevent the membranes from mechanical injury

  2. To store and dispatch the materials synthesised by ER

  3. To form lysosomes in ER

  4. To transport ribosomes to ER
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Golgi bodies have connections with the membranes of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) so as to store, pack and dispatch the materials (lipids and proteins) synthesised by rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

Multiple choice

Which part of a cell determines the way the cell will develop?

  1. Nucleoid

  2. Plasma membrane

  3. Cytoplasm

  4. Nucleus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Nucleus plays a central role in cellular reproduction, the process by which a single cell divides and forms two new cells. It also plays a crucial part, along with the environment, in determining the way the cell will develop and what form it will exhibit at maturity.

Multiple choice

Match the following.

(1) Robert Hook

(2) Scleiden and Schwann (3) Robert Brown (4) Purkinje | (i) Nucleus (ii) Protoplasm (iii) Cell as a basic unit of life (iv) Cell |

  1. 1 - iv, 2 - ii, 3 - iii, 4 - i

  2. 1 - iv, 2 - iii, 3 - i, 4 - ii

  3. 1 - iv, 2 - ii, 3 - i , 4 - iii

  4. 1 - iv, 2 - i, 3 - ii, 4 - iii
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

  ||| |---|---| |
(1) Robert Hook
(2) Scleiden and Schwann
(3) Robert Brown
(4) Purkinje |
(i) Cell 
(ii) Cell as a basic unit of life
(iii) Nucleus
(iv) Protoplasm |  

Multiple choice

Why is cell called the structural and functional unit of life?

  1. Because it shows division of labour

  2. Because it performs all the characteristic functions of a living being

  3. Because it synthesises proteins, which are building blocks of life

  4. Because all cells have the same organelles irrespective of their functions and locations
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

 A cell is called the structural and functional unit of life as it performs all the characteristic functions of a living being. 

Multiple choice

Ribosomes are the main site of

  1. respiration

  2. absorption

  3. protein synthesis

  4. photosynthesis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Ribosomes are called the protein manufacturing factories of the cell.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is incorrect?

  1. Nucleus has a double layered covering of membrane.

  2. Nuclear membrane has pores, which allow the transfer of material.

  3. Nucleus contains cell organelles that perform various functions.

  4. Nucleus carries hereditary information from one generation to another.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

A cell contains cell organelles that perform various functions. Nucleus possesses genetic material that carries hereditary information from one generation to another.

Multiple choice

Minimum regeneration power is present in

  1. nervous tissue

  2. connective tissue

  3. epithelial tissue

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Regeneration is the process of renewal, restoration and growth. Minimum regenerative power is present in nervous tissue.

Multiple choice

Enzymes of electron transport system are present in

  1. inner mitochondrial membrane

  2. matrix

  3. intermembranous space

  4. endoplasmic reticulum

  5. -
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

An electron transport chain (ETC) is a series of compounds that transfer electrons from electron donors to electron acceptors via redox (both reduction and oxidation occurring simultaneously) reactions and couple this electron transfer with the transfer of protons (H+ ions) across a membrane. Its enzymes are bound to inner mitochondrial membrane.

Multiple choice

The secretory function of cell is mainly performed by

  1. lysosomes

  2. peroxisomes

  3. sphaerosomes

  4. golgi complex

  5. -
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The main function of the golgi apparatus is to modify, sort and package the macromolecules that are synthesised by the cells for secretion purposes or for use within the cell.