Biology · Science General

Cell Biology and Structure

3,062 Questions

Cell biology focuses on the structure and function of cellular organelles. Key topics include cellular respiration, DNA inheritance, and energy production. These fundamental biology concepts are crucial for medical entrance and state service examinations.

Cell organelles functionsCellular respiration sitesDNA and ribosomesAnimal cell structurePlant cell components

Cell Biology and Structure Questions

Multiple choice

Chondrocytes are cells of ______.

  1. blood

  2. tendon

  3. bone

  4. cartilage
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Chondrocytes are the only cells found in a healthy cartilage. They produce and maintain the cartilaginous matrix, which consists mainly of collagen and proteoglycans. 

Multiple choice

Undifferentiated totipotent cells of sponges are

  1. archeaocytes

  2. porocytes

  3. trophocytes

  4. myocytes

  5. -
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Archeaocytes are amoeboid cells that are found in sponges. They are totipotent and have varied functions, depending on the species.

Multiple choice

Cell membrane

  1. controls exocytosis

  2. controls endocytosis

  3. controls both endocytosis and exocytosis

  4. does not control movement of substances

  5. -
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Endocytosis is the process of capturing a substance or particle from outside the cell by engulfing it with the cell membrane and bringing it into the cell. Exocytosis describes the process of vesicles fusing with the plasma membrane and releasing their contents to the outside of the cell.

Multiple choice

Which of the following are called suicidal bags of the cell?

  1. Mitochondria

  2. Ribosomes

  3. Lysosomes

  4. Golgi apparatus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Lysosomes are called the suicidal bags of the cell. They are cellular organelles that contain acid hydrolase enzymes that break down waste materials and cellular debris. 

Multiple choice

Quantasomes are found in

  1. mitochondria

  2. chloroplast

  3. endoplasmic reticulum

  4. lysosomes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Quantasomes are particles found in the thylakoid membrane of chloroplasts in which photosynthesis takes place. This particle is embedded in a paracrystalline array on the surface of thylakoid discs in chloroplasts.

Multiple choice

Ribosomes may be called as

  1. microsome

  2. dictyosome

  3. ribonucleo protein

  4. oxysomes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Ribonucleoprotein is a nucleoprotein that contains RNA, i.e. it is an association that combines ribonucleic acid and protein together. Ribosomes are made up of it.

Multiple choice

Lipid molecules in plasma membrane are arranged in which manner?

  1. Scattered

  2. Series

  3. Alternate

  4. Head parallel
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Their hydrophobic regions pass through the membrane and interact with the hydrophobic tails of the lipid molecules in the interior of the bilayer, where they are sequestered away from water. Their hydrophilic regions are exposed to water on either side of the membrane, i.e. they are arranged in the head parallel arrangement.

Multiple choice

Golgi body originates from

  1. lysosome

  2. endoplasmic reticulum

  3. mitochondria

  4. cell membrane
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Golgi bodies are membrane-enclosed disks known as cisternae originating from vesicular clusters that bud off the endoplasmic reticulum.