Cell Biology and Structure

The intermediate cell layer is highly proliferative and, therefore, provides for rapid cell regeneration in response to injury or infection of the organ or tube in which it resides. These cells contain a prominent golgi apparatus and an array of membrane-bound vesicles.

Auditory hair cells are transducer cells, i.e. it is a sensory epithelium where specialised cells reside that convert external signals such as sound into an electrical signal, that the neuronal system can detect.

Over the top of the brush-border cell lies a slim, or extracellular matrix known as a glycocalyx. This is made up of oligosaccharide side chains of glycoproteins and glycolipids. The glycocalyx functions in the catalysis of digestion of proteins and carbohydrates.

Keratocytes produce keratin which gives strength and flexibility to the skin.

Tissue is a cellular organizational level intermediate between cells and a complete organism. A tissue is an ensemble of similar cells and from the same origin, that together carry out a specific function. These are called tissues because of their identical functioning. Organs are then formed by the functional grouping together of multiple tissues. 

Protoplasm was termed as the physical basis of life by Huxley.

Dictyosomes are flat membrane bound structures that together comprise golgi apparatus.

F1 particles of inner mitochondrial membrane are involved in oxidative phosphorylation.

30S and 50S are sub-units of 70S ribosomes.

Residual bodies are the lysosomes with undigested residues which are left after digestion of phagosomes.

Primary lysosomes are newly pinched off vesicles from golgi body.

Electron transport chain takes place in the inner-membrane of mitochondria.

Secondary lysosome is formed from fusion of primary lysosome with phagosome.

Low concentration of Mg ions is required for the attachment of ribosomal sub-units.

The matrix of mitochondria contains enzymes for TCA cycle.