Biology · Science General

Cell Biology and Structure

3,221 Questions

Cell biology focuses on the structure and function of cellular organelles. Key topics include cellular respiration, DNA inheritance, and energy production. These fundamental biology concepts are crucial for medical entrance and state service examinations.

Cell organelles functionsCellular respiration sitesDNA and ribosomesAnimal cell structurePlant cell components

Cell Biology and Structure Questions

Multiple choice

Ribosomes are the main site of

  1. respiration

  2. absorption

  3. protein synthesis

  4. photosynthesis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Ribosomes are called the protein manufacturing factories of the cell.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is incorrect?

  1. Nucleus has a double layered covering of membrane.

  2. Nuclear membrane has pores, which allow the transfer of material.

  3. Nucleus contains cell organelles that perform various functions.

  4. Nucleus carries hereditary information from one generation to another.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

A cell contains cell organelles that perform various functions. Nucleus possesses genetic material that carries hereditary information from one generation to another.

Multiple choice

Enzymes of electron transport system are present in

  1. inner mitochondrial membrane

  2. matrix

  3. intermembranous space

  4. endoplasmic reticulum

  5. -
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

An electron transport chain (ETC) is a series of compounds that transfer electrons from electron donors to electron acceptors via redox (both reduction and oxidation occurring simultaneously) reactions and couple this electron transfer with the transfer of protons (H+ ions) across a membrane. Its enzymes are bound to inner mitochondrial membrane.

Multiple choice

The secretory function of cell is mainly performed by

  1. lysosomes

  2. peroxisomes

  3. sphaerosomes

  4. golgi complex

  5. -
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The main function of the golgi apparatus is to modify, sort and package the macromolecules that are synthesised by the cells for secretion purposes or for use within the cell.

Multiple choice

Which of the following form(s) lysosomes?

  1. Endoplasmic reticulum

  2. Mitochondria

  3. Golgi membrane

  4. Both 1 and 2

  5. -
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Lysosomes are formed by the fusion of transport vesicles that are budding from the trans Golgi network with endosomes, which contain molecules taken up by endocytosis at the plasma membrane.

Multiple choice

According to fluid mosaic model, plasma membrane is composed of phospholipids and

  1. integral proteins

  2. hemicellulose

  3. oligosaccharides

  4. extrinsic and intrinsic proteins

  5. -
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Fluid mosaic model consists of a bilayer of phospholipids on which proteins are embedded. The proteins which span the length of the bilayer are called integral proteins and those which are present on the surface are called extrinsic proteins.

Multiple choice

ATP synthesis occurs in which of the following?

  1. Chloroplast

  2. Golgi apparatus

  3. Endoplasmic reticulum

  4. Mitochondria

  5. -
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Mitochondria are the prime site of ATP synthesis. For this reason, they are also called as the power house of the cell.

Multiple choice

Amyloplasts are the plastids that store

  1. proteins

  2. fats

  3. glycogen

  4. starch

  5. -
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Amyloplasts are responsible for the synthesis and storage of starch granules, through the polymerisation of glucose.

Multiple choice

Which is the largest cell?

  1. Ostrich egg

  2. Heart cell

  3. Human ova

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The largest cell measuring 170 mm × 130 mm is the egg of an ostrich. 

Multiple choice

Identify the false statement(s).

A. Plasma membrane is composed of lipids and proteins. B. The cell wall is composed of lipids and phospholipids in plants and is located outside the cell membrane. C. The nucleus in eukaryotes is covered by single-layered membrane. D. Photosynthesis occurs in chloroplasts.

  1. Only A

  2. A and B

  3. B and C

  4. C and D

  5. Only D
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

This option is correct because in plant cells, the cell wall composed mainly of cellulose is located outside the cell membrane. In animal cell, the cell wall, mainly composed of lipids and phospholipids and nucleus in eukaryotes, is separated from the cytoplasm by double-layered membrane and it directs the life processes of the cell.

Multiple choice

Identify the false statement(s).

A. Plasma membrane is composed of lipids and proteins. B. The cell wall is composed of lipids and phospholipids in plants and is located outside the cell membrane. C. The nucleus in eukaryotes is covered by single-layered membrane. D. Photosynthesis occurs in chloroplasts.

  1. Only A

  2. A and B

  3. B and C

  4. C and D
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

This option is correct because in plant cells, the cell wall composed mainly of cellulose is located outside the cell membrane. In animal cell, the cell wall, mainly composed of lipids and phospholipids and nucleus in eukaryotes, is separated from the cytoplasm by double-layered membrane and it directs the life processes of the cell.