Biology · Science General

Cell Biology and Structure

3,221 Questions

Cell biology focuses on the structure and function of cellular organelles. Key topics include cellular respiration, DNA inheritance, and energy production. These fundamental biology concepts are crucial for medical entrance and state service examinations.

Cell organelles functionsCellular respiration sitesDNA and ribosomesAnimal cell structurePlant cell components

Cell Biology and Structure Questions

Multiple choice

Where does the hair’s mitotic cells grow?

  1. hair root

  2. matrix

  3. hair shaft

  4. IRS
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The hair matrix is the actively dividing area of the hair bulb where mitosis occurs to produce new hair cells. The hair root and shaft are structures formed by these cells.

Multiple choice

Where do you find the germinative cells of the epidermis?

  1. stratum granulosum

  2. stratum lucidum

  3. stratum spinosum

  4. stratum malpigium
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The stratum germinativum, also known as the stratum basale or stratum malpighii, is the deepest layer of the epidermis where cell division occurs.

Multiple choice

What happens when cells under go a photo thermal tissue reaction

  1. they are destroyed

  2. they are reshaped

  3. they are softened into a more pliable form

  4. they merge with other cells
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

A photothermal tissue reaction occurs when light energy is absorbed by a chromophore, converted into heat, and causes the destruction of the targeted cells.

Multiple choice biology organisation of the organism introduction to cell what are the living organisms made of component of the cell

The structure that are involved in the manufacture and supply of energy to the cell are:

  1. Centroies

  2. Nucleoius

  3. Pestide

  4. Mitochondria
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Mitochondria is responsible for manufacturing and supplying chemical energy by releasing energy stored in food molecules and synthesising ATP. It is called the power house of the cell. 

So, the correct option is 'Mitochondria'.

Multiple choice biology organisation of the organism introduction to cell what are the living organisms made of component of the cell

Branched sclerenchyma occurring as isolated cells scattered in any tissue are called.

  1. Libriform fibers

  2. Tracheidal cells

  3. Idioblasts

  4. Stone cells
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Idioblasts are isolated, specialized plant cells that differ significantly from neighboring cells and can contain various contents or have distinct shapes, such as branched sclerenchyma cells. Libriform fibers are elongated wood fibers, and stone cells (sclereids) are typically not described as isolated branched cells in the same sense as idioblasts.

Multiple choice biology caskets of life the cell structure cytoplasm unicellular and multicellular organisms number and shape of cells

Select the correct option:

The best material for the study of structure of cell membrane is

  1. RBC of human

  2. Liver cell

  3. Kidney cell

  4. Muscle cell
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

RBCs lack a nucleus and may other cell organelles thus they are best suited to study cell membrane without any complication.

So, the correct answer is 'RBC of human'.

Multiple choice biology caskets of life the cell structure cytoplasm unicellular and multicellular organisms number and shape of cells

Select the correct option:Who gave the lamellar or sandwich model of cell membrane?

  1. Singer and Nicolson

  2. Danielli and Davson

  3. J. Robertson

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

In $1935$, Danielli and Davson proposed that cell membrane is made of a double layer of phospholipid molecules sandwiched between two single layers of proteins. The three layers are held together by electrostatic forces while phospholipid layers are kept adhered by vander Waal's forces.

So, the correct answwer is 'Danielli and Davson'.

Multiple choice biology caskets of life the cell structure cytoplasm unicellular and multicellular organisms number and shape of cells

Which of the following show selective permeability?

  1. Cell membrane

  2. Cell wall

  3. Cytoplasm

  4. Protoplasm
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
  • The cell membrane or plasmalemma is a phospholipid bilayer that are selectively permeable membranes which separate the interior of the cells (cell organelles and cytoplasm) from the outside environment or the extracellular space.
  •  A selectively permeable can be defined as a cell membrane which allows only certain molecules or ions to pass through the membrane by active or passive transport.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Cell membrane'.
Multiple choice biology caskets of life the cell structure cytoplasm unicellular and multicellular organisms number and shape of cells

Cell membranes consist mainly of a

  1. Carbohydrate bilayer and proteins

  2. Protein bilayer and phospholipids

  3. Lipid bilayer and proteins

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
In the fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane, proposed by Singer-Nicolson in 1972, the phospholipid bilayer has integrated as well as peripheral proteins embedded in it. The integrated proteins are found on the inside and span across the bilayer, while the peripheral proteins are found at the periphery of the lipid layers.

So, the correct answer is 'lipid bilayer and proteins',
Multiple choice botany caskets of life the cell structure cytoplasm unicellular and multicellular organisms number and shape of cells diversity and classification in animals cell parameters

Hybridoma cells are

  1. nervous cells of frog

  2. hybrid cells resulting from myeloma cells

  3. only cells having oncogenes

  4. product of spore formation in bacteria.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Hybridoma cells are created by fusing a B-lymphocyte (antibody-producing cell) with a myeloma cell (cancerous cell). This fusion allows the resulting cells to produce specific antibodies indefinitely.

Multiple choice biology meaning of life chemical organization in living beings lipids proteins and their structure

Proteins that helped in trapping solar energy and developed an electric potential across covering membranes of protocells were :

  1. Chromophores

  2. Chlorophores

  3. Xanthophores

  4. Both B and C
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Chromophores are light-absorbing molecules or proteins that were hypothesized to trap solar energy in early protocells, potentially creating electrical potentials.

Multiple choice botany mineral nutrition in plants mechanism of absorption mineral absorption significance of transpiration

With reference to absorption of minerals, the term 'outer space' represents ______ while 'inner space' represents _______. 

  1. Intercellular space and cell wall; cytoplasm and vacuole

  2. Cytoplasm and vacuole; intercellular space and cell wall

  3. Intercellular space; vacuole

  4. Cytoplasm; vacuole
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

In plant mineral absorption, the apoplast (outer space) consists of non-living components like cell walls and intercellular spaces. The symplast (inner space) consists of the living cytoplasm and the vacuole.