Chemistry · General Awareness

Carbon and Fossil Fuels

1,756 Questions

Review fundamental concepts regarding carbon compounds, coal distillation, and fossil fuel formation. This segment covers the chemical properties and industrial applications of natural gas and crude oil. Practicing these questions will strengthen your chemistry foundation for general science sections.

Coal distillationPetroleum formationProperties of crude oilNatural gas applications

Carbon and Fossil Fuels Questions

Multiple choice chemistry petrochemicals and polymers petroleum properties of alkanes petroleum and natural gas rocks and minerals

Which among the following is used to prepare detergents and plastics?

  1. Paraffin wax

  2. Bitumen

  3. Petrochemicals

  4. Lubricating oil
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Petrochemicals are the chemical compunds obtained from petroleum. They are used for making detergents, solvents, elastomers, lubricants, gels, polymers, plastics, fibres, adhesives etc

Multiple choice chemistry petrochemicals and polymers petroleum properties of alkanes petroleum and natural gas rocks and minerals

Which of the following is not a petroleum product ?

  1. Bees wax

  2. Paraffin wax

  3. Candle wax

  4. Naphtha
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Petroleum by-products are :
LPG, gasoline, Naptha, fuel oil, paraffin wax, candle wax, lubricants etc.

But Beeswax is a natural wax produced in the bee hive of honey bees of the genus Apis. It is mainly esters of fatty acids and various long-chain alcohols

Multiple choice chemistry petrochemicals and polymers petroleum properties of alkanes petroleum and natural gas rocks and minerals

Which amongst the following is not free state of carbon?

  1. Diamond

  2. Graphite

  3. Coke

  4. Petrol
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Diamond,graphite and coke exists in free state of carbon where as the petroleum is the mixture of hydrocarbons where carbon and hydrogen are present.So the substance which is not available in free state is petrol.
Hence option D is correct.
Multiple choice chemistry petrochemicals and polymers petroleum properties of alkanes petroleum and natural gas rocks and minerals

Paraffin wax is used for making:

  1. vaselines

  2. candles

  3. greases

  4. all of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Paraffin wax is derived from petroleum,coal that consist of a mixture of hydrocarbon molecules between 20-40 carbon atoms. Common applications of paraffin include lubrication,candles,electrical insulation. It is insoluble in water but soluble in ether,alcohol or benzene.

Multiple choice chemistry petrochemicals and polymers petroleum properties of alkanes petroleum and natural gas rocks and minerals

Some modern petroleum refineries process as much as _______ barrels (127,000 to 143,000 cubic meters) per day of crude oil.

  1. 800,000 to 900,000

  2. 800,000 to 2900,000

  3. 1800,000 to 900,000

  4. 800,000 to 900,0000
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Now a days due to development of different technological processes modern petroleum refineries process as much as 800,000 to 900,000 barrels (127,000 to 143,000 cubic meters) per day of crude oil.


Hence the correct option is A.

Multiple choice chemistry petrochemicals and polymers petroleum properties of alkanes petroleum and natural gas rocks and minerals

Tetraethyl lead is a:

  1. solvent

  2. petroleum additive

  3. oxidising agent

  4. fire extinguisher
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Tetraethyl lead $(CH _3CH _2) _4 Pb$ is a petroleum additive. TEL is produced by reacting chloroethane with a sodium–lead alloy:
 $ 4 NaPb + 4 CH _3CH _2Cl\rightarrow (CH _3CH _2) _4Pb + 4NaCl + 3Pb$
The product is recovered by steam distillation, leaving a sludge of lead and sodium chloride. TEL is a viscous colorless liquid. Because TEL is charge neutral and contains an exterior of alkyl groups, it is highly lipophilic and soluble in petrol.

Multiple choice chemistry petrochemicals and polymers petroleum properties of alkanes petroleum and natural gas rocks and minerals

Petroleum refineries remove chemical compounds that contain sulphur in order to:

  1. prevent pollution of the air by sulphur

  2. make pure, white petrol

  3. increase the mileage of petrol

  4. use the sulphur to make other compounds cheaply
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Air is polluted by sulphur by converting into sulphur dioxide. So, petroleum refineries remove chemical compounds that contain sulphur.

Multiple choice business organisation and correspondence issues of the environment international efforts for conserving biodiversity effects of pollution on environment government efforts in pollution control

Which of the following statements are incorrect regarding the Euro II norms ?

  1. It stipulates that sulphur be controlled at $ 350 $ in diesel.
  2. It stipulates that sulphur be controlled at $ 150 $ in petrol.

  3. Aromatic hydrocarbons are to be contained at 42% of the concerned fuel.

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Euro II norms are the standard norms to check the pollution. It states that the sulphur from the vehicle emission should be control at 350 ppm in diesel. And 150 PPM in petrol.

Aromatic hydrocarbons should contain at 42% of the concerned fuel whether diesel or petrol.
So, the correct option is 'None of these'


Multiple choice geography australia - location, political divisions and physical features australia australia australia - geographical features

Which of the following by products of sugarcane is used for making shoe polish, carbon paper and for the extraction of wax?

  1. Ethanol

  2. Molasses

  3. Pressmud

  4. Filter mud
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

pressmud is the residue of the filtration of sugarcane juice. The clarification process separates the juice into a clear juice that rises to the top and goes for manufacture, and a mud that collects at the bottom.

Multiple choice chemistry separation of matter sedimentation, decantation and filtration other methods of separation separation methods

Choose the substance that shows sublimation:

  1. Naphthalene

  2. Toluene

  3. Kerosene

  4. Water
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Sublimation is a specialized change of state when a solid substance skips the liquid phase and moves directly into the gas phase. This occurs because the substance absorbs energy so quickly from the surroundings that melting never occurs.

Naphthalene shows the sublimation.