Chemistry · General Awareness

Carbon and Fossil Fuels

1,756 Questions

Review fundamental concepts regarding carbon compounds, coal distillation, and fossil fuel formation. This segment covers the chemical properties and industrial applications of natural gas and crude oil. Practicing these questions will strengthen your chemistry foundation for general science sections.

Coal distillationPetroleum formationProperties of crude oilNatural gas applications

Carbon and Fossil Fuels Questions

Multiple choice chemistry occurrence of carbon compounds in nature substances, objects and energy alternative fuels and energy sources alternative sources of energy

What typical catalyst is used to make biodiesel?

  1. acid catalyst

  2. platinum

  3. ultraviolet light

  4. base catalyst
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Biodiesel is a renewable alternative fuel created from vegetable oils, animal fats and greases through a chemical process. The chemical process involves reaction of natural oils with an alcohol in the presence of a catalyst (usually sodium hydroxide [$NaOH$] or potassium hydroxide [$KOH$] and then refining the mixture to create molecules which can be easily burned in a diesel engine.

Multiple choice chemistry occurrence of carbon compounds in nature substances, objects and energy alternative fuels and energy sources alternative sources of energy

Methane gas is an organic fuel obtained from the sources mentioned here. Which of the following is not a correct source?

  1. Coal gas

  2. Molasses

  3. Natural gas

  4. Sewage
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Molasses is a factory waste from sugar industry. It does not contain any traces of methane. So, methane is not obtained from molasses.

Multiple choice chemistry occurrence of carbon compounds in nature substances, objects and energy alternative fuels and energy sources alternative sources of energy

Which of the following is not true about Biogas? 

  1. It contains methane

  2. Burns without smoke

  3. Leaves ash behind

  4. Produced by anaerobic decomposition of animal and plant waste
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Higher the methane content, higher the calorific value. Pure $CH _4$ has a Gross Calorific Value of 39.8 $MJ/m^3$. the rate of combustion of biogas is quite high as it is produced by anaerobic decomposition of animal and plant waste.
It does not leave any ash behind after burning as cow dung and other organic matter is used in the preparation of biogas.

Multiple choice chemistry rocks and minerals coal and its products study of coal coal

The petroleum product that has replaced coal-tar for metalling the road is __________.

  1. peat

  2. bitumen

  3. lignite

  4. anthracite
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
Bitumen is an oil-based substance. It is a semi-solid hydrocarbon product produced by removing the lighter fractions (such as liquid petroleum gas, petrol, and diesel) from heavy crude oil during the refining process. 

As such, it is correctly known as refined bitumen. It is used as a road paving material. The vast majority of refined bitumen is used in construction: primarily as a constituent of products used in paving and roofing applications. According to the requirements of the end-use bitumen is produced to specification.

So, the correct option is $B$
Multiple choice chemistry rocks and minerals coal and its products study of coal coal

Coal can be formed from ____________.

  1. sunlight

  2. steam

  3. fossils

  4. plants
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

When dead plants get buried into the bottom of the soil they are slowly converted into coal due to high pressure and high temperature. Heat and pressure produced chemical and physical changes in the plant layers which forced out oxygen and left rich carbon deposits. In time, material that had been plants became coal.

Coal is formed from plants and animals that died millions of years ago.

Multiple choice chemistry rocks and minerals coal and its products study of coal coal

Which is an almost pure form of carbon?

  1. Coke

  2. Coal tar

  3. Coal gas

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Coke is a fuel with few impurities and a high carbon content, usually made from coal. It is the solid carbonaceous material derived from destructive distillation of low-ash, low-sulfur bituminous coal. Coal tar and coal gas contain more impurities than coke.

Multiple choice chemistry rocks and minerals coal and its products study of coal coal

Coke is used in the preparation of:

  1. $CO + {H} _{2}$
  2. $CO + {N} _{2}$

  3. graphite artificially

  4. diamond artificially
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A,B,C Correct answer
Explanation

Coke is used in the preparation of water gas(A), coal gas(B) and graphite but it is not used in the preparation of diamond.

Multiple choice chemistry rocks and minerals coal and its products study of coal coal

Which of the following constituents of coal is the most important in production of coke?

  1. Ash

  2. Moistures

  3. Carbon

  4. All of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Coal is the measurable exhaustible natural fuel. It is processed in the industry to get products like coke. Carbon is the measurable constituent of coke which is required in the production of coke.

Multiple choice chemistry rocks and minerals coal and its products study of coal coal

On which of the following content of coke, its price depend?

  1. Sulphur

  2. Ash

  3. Nitrogen

  4. Both a and b
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Price of the coke depends upon the coal which is used for the production of coke. Because the concentration of sulphur and ash vary in cokes, this is the main content of the coke on which its price depends.

Multiple choice chemistry rocks and minerals coal and its products study of coal coal

__________ is widely used as fuel in factories and thermal power stations.

  1. Petroleum

  2. LPG

  3. Coal

  4. CNG
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
Coal is widely used as a fuel in the coal based industries due to its advantages as its high calorific value. It releases less amount of smoke after burning. 

So, coal is widely used fuel in factories and thermal power stations.

Hence, option C is correct.
Multiple choice chemistry rocks and minerals coal and its products study of coal coal

Coke is used in the preparation of :

  1. $CO+H _2$
  2. $CO+N _2$

  3. Graphite artificially

  4. Diamond artificially
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A,B,C Correct answer
Explanation

Coke is used in the preparation of water gas ($CO+H _2$), producer gas ($CO+N _2$) and graphite by artificial methods.

$C+H _2O\rightarrow CO+H _2$

$C+air\rightarrow CO+N _2$.

Hence options A,B and C are correct.