Chemistry · General Awareness

Carbon and Fossil Fuels

1,898 Questions

Review fundamental concepts regarding carbon compounds, coal distillation, and fossil fuel formation. This segment covers the chemical properties and industrial applications of natural gas and crude oil. Practicing these questions will strengthen your chemistry foundation for general science sections.

Coal distillationPetroleum formationProperties of crude oilNatural gas applications

Carbon and Fossil Fuels Questions

Multiple choice chemistry petrochemicals and polymers petroleum properties of alkanes petroleum and natural gas rocks and minerals

Which amongst the following is not free state of carbon?

  1. Diamond

  2. Graphite

  3. Coke

  4. Petrol
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Diamond,graphite and coke exists in free state of carbon where as the petroleum is the mixture of hydrocarbons where carbon and hydrogen are present.So the substance which is not available in free state is petrol.
Hence option D is correct.
Multiple choice chemistry petrochemicals and polymers petroleum properties of alkanes petroleum and natural gas rocks and minerals

Kerosene oil is a mixture of hydrocarbons which contains the number of carbon atoms is:

  1. $C _6$ to $C _{10}$
  2. $C _8$ to $C _{12}$
  3. $C _{11}$ to $C _{16}$
  4. $C _{18}$ to $C _{22}$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Kerosene is a mixture of hydrocarbons. The chemical composition depends on its source of isolation, usually, it consists of about 10 different hydrocarbons, each containing 11 to 16 carbon atoms per molecule. 

The main constituents are saturated straight-chain and branched-chain hydrocarbons which are also called as paraffin, as well as ring-shaped cycloparaffins which are also known as naphthenes. Kerosene is less volatile liquid than gasoline.

Multiple choice chemistry petrochemicals and polymers petroleum properties of alkanes petroleum and natural gas rocks and minerals

Paraffin wax is used for making:

  1. vaselines

  2. candles

  3. greases

  4. all of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Paraffin wax is derived from petroleum,coal that consist of a mixture of hydrocarbon molecules between 20-40 carbon atoms. Common applications of paraffin include lubrication,candles,electrical insulation. It is insoluble in water but soluble in ether,alcohol or benzene.

Multiple choice chemistry petrochemicals and polymers petroleum properties of alkanes petroleum and natural gas rocks and minerals

Statement $I$: Refining of petroleum requires the separation of its components into different fractions.
Statement $II$: The hydrocarbon chains that makeup petroleum have the same basic carbon chain (same number of $C$ in the parent).

  1. Statement $I$ is true and Statement $II$ is false
  2. Statement $I$ is false and Statement $II$ is true
  3. Statement $I$ and $II$ are false
  4. Statement $I$ and $II$ both are true and Statement $II$ is correct explanation of Statement $I$
  5. Statement $I$ and $II$ both are true and Statement $II$ is not a correct explanation of Statement $I$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Refining of petroleum requires the separation of its components into different fractions. The hydrocarbon chains that make up petroleum have the different basic carbon chain (different number of $Cs$ in the parent).
Hence, the statement $I$ is true but statement $II$ is false.

Multiple choice chemistry petrochemicals and polymers petroleum properties of alkanes petroleum and natural gas rocks and minerals

Some modern petroleum refineries process as much as _______ barrels (127,000 to 143,000 cubic meters) per day of crude oil.

  1. 800,000 to 900,000

  2. 800,000 to 2900,000

  3. 1800,000 to 900,000

  4. 800,000 to 900,0000
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Now a days due to development of different technological processes modern petroleum refineries process as much as 800,000 to 900,000 barrels (127,000 to 143,000 cubic meters) per day of crude oil.


Hence the correct option is A.

Multiple choice chemistry petrochemicals and polymers petroleum properties of alkanes petroleum and natural gas rocks and minerals

Petroleum is an important source for all of the following except:

  1. propane

  2. rubber

  3. kerosene

  4. gasoline
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
Rubber is the polymer which is obtained from rubber tree which is not isolated during oil  and petroleum refining.So Petroleum is an important source for all of the following except rubber where as propane,kerosene and gasoline obtained during refining of petroleum.
Hence option B is correct.
Multiple choice chemistry petrochemicals and polymers petroleum properties of alkanes petroleum and natural gas rocks and minerals

Tetraethyl lead is a:

  1. solvent

  2. petroleum additive

  3. oxidising agent

  4. fire extinguisher
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Tetraethyl lead $(CH _3CH _2) _4 Pb$ is a petroleum additive. TEL is produced by reacting chloroethane with a sodium–lead alloy:
 $ 4 NaPb + 4 CH _3CH _2Cl\rightarrow (CH _3CH _2) _4Pb + 4NaCl + 3Pb$
The product is recovered by steam distillation, leaving a sludge of lead and sodium chloride. TEL is a viscous colorless liquid. Because TEL is charge neutral and contains an exterior of alkyl groups, it is highly lipophilic and soluble in petrol.

Multiple choice chemistry petrochemicals and polymers petroleum properties of alkanes petroleum and natural gas rocks and minerals

Which one of these are not the by-products obtained by processing petroleum in petrochemical industries?

  1. Vaseline

  2. Fertiliser

  3. Synthetic rubber

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

By-products obtained from processing petroleum in industries are fertilisers, synthetic rubber, synthetic fibres, medicines, vaseline, lubricants, wax, soap and cosmetics.