Chemistry · General Awareness

Carbon and Fossil Fuels

1,898 Questions

Review fundamental concepts regarding carbon compounds, coal distillation, and fossil fuel formation. This segment covers the chemical properties and industrial applications of natural gas and crude oil. Practicing these questions will strengthen your chemistry foundation for general science sections.

Coal distillationPetroleum formationProperties of crude oilNatural gas applications

Carbon and Fossil Fuels Questions

Multiple choice chemistry petrochemicals and polymers petroleum properties of alkanes petroleum and natural gas rocks and minerals

Petrol for aviation purposes must contain?

  1. Straight chain hydrocarbons

  2. Aromatic hydrocarbons

  3. Olefinic hydrocarbons

  4. Highly branched chain paraffins
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The production of higher molecular weight branched chain paraffins having valuable antiknock properties and, therefore, suitable for use in aviation fuels is of considerable importance in the petroleum industry.

Multiple choice chemistry petrochemicals and polymers petroleum properties of alkanes petroleum and natural gas rocks and minerals

Which component, obtained from the refining of petroleum, is used as a solvent in petrochemicals.

  1. Tar

  2. Kerosene

  3. Naphthalene

  4. Petroleum coal
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Naphthalene (an aromatic hydrocarbon) is obtained from the refining of petroleum. It is used as a solvent in petrochemicals. Naphthalene is non polar solvent and is used to dissolve non polar compounds.

Multiple choice chemistry petrochemicals and polymers petroleum properties of alkanes petroleum and natural gas rocks and minerals

Petroleum refineries remove chemical compounds that contain sulphur in order to:

  1. prevent pollution of the air by sulphur

  2. make pure, white petrol

  3. increase the mileage of petrol

  4. use the sulphur to make other compounds cheaply
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Air is polluted by sulphur by converting into sulphur dioxide. So, petroleum refineries remove chemical compounds that contain sulphur.

Multiple choice chemistry petrochemicals and polymers petroleum properties of alkanes petroleum and natural gas rocks and minerals

Paraffin is a by-product of?

  1. Cottage industries involving bee-keeping

  2. Processing of agricultural wastes

  3. Petroleum refining

  4. Leather industry
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
Paraffin, a white or colourless, tasteless, odourless, water-insoluble, solid substance not easily acted upon by reagents, consisting of a mixture of hydrocarbons chiefly of the alkane series, obtained from crude petroleum in Petroleum Refining.
Multiple choice chemistry petrochemicals and polymers petroleum properties of alkanes petroleum and natural gas rocks and minerals

Which of the following is obtained on fractional distillation of petroleum ?

  1. Paraffin wax

  2. Asphalt

  3. Petroleum gas

  4. All of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Paraffin wax, Petroleum gas and Asphalt are the different constituents of petroleum which  vapourise at different temperature's in the fractional distillation of petroleum. 

Multiple choice chemistry petrochemicals and polymers petroleum properties of alkanes petroleum and natural gas rocks and minerals

Petrol is a mixture of hydrocarbons with ______ carbon atoms.

  1. 2 to 5

  2. 5 to 9

  3. 5 to 7

  4. 4 to 6
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
  • Petroleum is a very complex mixture of hydrocarbons-compounds that consist of carbon and hydrogen only. Small amounts of other organic compounds containing oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen, phosphorus, and other elements are also present.
  • Petroleum is a mixture of a very large number of different hydrocarbons; the most commonly found molecules are alkanes (paraffin), cycloalkanes (naphthenes), aromatic hydrocarbons, or more complicated chemicals like asphaltenes.
  • This mixture of hydrocarbons generally has 5 to 9 carbon atoms.
  • Hence option B is a correct answer.
Multiple choice chemistry petrochemicals and polymers petroleum properties of alkanes petroleum and natural gas rocks and minerals

Gasoline is a mixture of?

  1. $C _3 - C _5$ alkanes
  2. $C _{15} - H _{20}$ alkanes
  3. $C _{11} - C _{15}$ alkanes
  4. $C _7 - C _9 $ alkanes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Gasoline is a refined product of petroleum and is comprised mainly of hydrocarbons, ranging from those conatining 7 carbon atoms  to those containing 9 carbon atoms. 

Multiple choice chemistry petrochemicals and polymers petroleum properties of alkanes petroleum and natural gas rocks and minerals

The order of appearance of the following with rising temperature during the refining of crude oil is?

  1. Kerosene oil , gasoline, diesel

  2. Diesel, gasoline, kerosene oil

  3. Gasoline, diesel, kerosene oil

  4. Gasoline, kerosene oil, diesel
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

During refining of crude oil, different products are recovered according to the different boiling ranges. The order of boiling point of the given products is: Gasoline< kerosene< diesel. Therefore they are obtained in the sequence;Gasoline, kerosene ,diesel.

Multiple choice business organisation and correspondence issues of the environment international efforts for conserving biodiversity effects of pollution on environment government efforts in pollution control

Which of the following statements are incorrect regarding the Euro II norms ?

  1. It stipulates that sulphur be controlled at $ 350 $ in diesel.
  2. It stipulates that sulphur be controlled at $ 150 $ in petrol.

  3. Aromatic hydrocarbons are to be contained at 42% of the concerned fuel.

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Euro II norms are the standard norms to check the pollution. It states that the sulphur from the vehicle emission should be control at 350 ppm in diesel. And 150 PPM in petrol.

Aromatic hydrocarbons should contain at 42% of the concerned fuel whether diesel or petrol.
So, the correct option is 'None of these'


Multiple choice geography australia - location, political divisions and physical features australia australia australia - geographical features

Which of the following by products of sugarcane is used for making shoe polish, carbon paper and for the extraction of wax?

  1. Ethanol

  2. Molasses

  3. Pressmud

  4. Filter mud
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

pressmud is the residue of the filtration of sugarcane juice. The clarification process separates the juice into a clear juice that rises to the top and goes for manufacture, and a mud that collects at the bottom.

Multiple choice chemistry the s-block elements (alkali and alkaline earth metals) some important compounds of calcium some important compounds of magnesium and calcium compounds of s block elements

Cement is formed by burning of _________ in a hot kiln.

  1. limestone and clay

  2. limestone and graphite

  3. chalk and graphite

  4. sulphur and limestone
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Cement is formed by burning of graphite and limestone in a hot kiln. Many other materials such as shells , chalk or marl combined with shale, clay, slate blast furnace slag , silica sand and iron ore are also used in manufacture of cement.

Multiple choice chemistry separation of matter sedimentation, decantation and filtration other methods of separation separation methods

Choose the substance that shows sublimation:

  1. Naphthalene

  2. Toluene

  3. Kerosene

  4. Water
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Sublimation is a specialized change of state when a solid substance skips the liquid phase and moves directly into the gas phase. This occurs because the substance absorbs energy so quickly from the surroundings that melting never occurs.

Naphthalene shows the sublimation.