Botany and Plant Science

This option is correct because bundle sheath is not found in C3 plants.

Sclereid cells in vascular plants help prevent the collapse of soft tissues during water stress via thick, lignified walls.They are found in fruit or seed walls and also in the flesh of apple and pineapple. 

The single-celled haploid spore germinates, dividing by the normal process (mitosis), which maintains the number of chromosomes at n. The result is a multi-cellular haploid organism, called the gametophyte (because it produces gametes at maturity).

Mesophyll is the ground tissue that occurs between the two epidermal layers.

Osterosclereids (also called bone or hour-glass cells) are columnar cells similar to macrosclereids, except they are enlarged at the ends, making them bone-shaped. These are branched as star. 

Mesophyll is the ground tissue lying between two epidermal layers. It is particularly composed of chlorenchyma cells. The mesophyll is a  palisade parenchyma and a lower spongy parenchyma.

Medullary parenchyma is found radially arranged in between the vascular bundles in the stem. It arises from neural crest cells. It is meant for storage of reserve food.

In some plants, the hypodermis is a layer of cells immediately below the epidermis of leaves and stems. It is made up of a few layers of either collenchyma cells (as in dicot stem) or sclerenchyma cells (as in monocot stem). It is often mechanically strengthened.

Phloem Parenchyma is living and has thin cell walls. These cells form the packing tissue between all the other types of cells. They are meant only for storage of organic food.

The type of xylem in which protoxylem better known as first made xylem lies towards the outside of the metaxylem (later formed xylem) is called the exarch xylem.The roots of vascular plants are normally considered to have exarch development.

The vessel element is one of the two cell types of tracheary elements, the other is the tracheid. It is virtually found in flowering plants but absent from most gymnosperms such as conifers. Vessel elements are the main feature categorizing the hardwood of angiosperms from the softwood of conifers.

Plants are divided in to two main parts, roots and shoots. Roots are the anchor for plants in the soil. Water and minerals are taken from the soil through the roots. Many plants such as carrots, store food in their roots. And the shoot system includes organs such as leaves, buds, stems, flowers, and fruits and usually it develops above ground.

This is the correct option. Endodermis is impervious to water because of a band of suberised matrix called the casparian strip. It is the inner boundary of the cortex.

Rafflesia arnoldii produces the world's largest individual flower, which can grow up to 1 meter (3 feet) in diameter and weigh up to 11 kilograms. It's a parasitic plant native to Southeast Asian rainforests, particularly Borneo and Sumatra. The other options are much smaller - Nelumbo is a water lily, Hibiscus is a common flowering shrub, and cactus flowers are modest in size.

Coriander and sagittaria show the phenomenon of heterophylly. This refers to different leaf forms on the same plant.