Biology · Science General

Botany and Plant Science

4,989 Questions

Botany and plant science delve into the biological study of plant life, covering structural anatomy, physiological processes, and reproductive mechanisms. Key topics include inflorescence patterns, root modifications, and seed development, which are vital for biology sections in medical entrance exams. This collection of practice questions helps solidify understanding of complex plant functions.

Plant ReproductionPlant AnatomyRoot ModificationsInflorescence PatternsPlant Morphology

Botany and Plant Science Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following meristems appear(s) early in life of a plant and contribute(s) to the formation of the primary plant body?

a. Apical meristem b. Intercalary meristem c. Lateral meristem

  1. Only a

  2. Only a and b

  3. Only b

  4. Only b and c

  5. Only c
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option. Both apical meristem and intercalary meristem appear early in the life of a plant and contribute to the formation of the primary plant body. Thus, they are called primary meristems.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is not a property of monocotyledonous stem?

  1. The water-containing cavities are present within the vascular bundles.

  2. Phloem parenchyma is present.

  3. Vascular bundles are conjoint and closed.

  4. It has a large number of scattered vascular bundles.

  5. The centrally located vascular bundles are bigger than the peripheral ones.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option as this is not a property of a monocotyledonous stem. 

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is/are false?

a. The growth of the roots and stems in length with the help of apical meristem is called the primary growth. b. In the young stem, the meristematic layer is present in patches as a single layer outside the xylem. c. In dicot stems, the cells of cambium present between primary xylem and primary phloem is the intrafascicular cambium.

  1. Only a

  2. Only a and b

  3. Only b

  4. Only b and c

  5. Only c
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option as this statement is false. In the young stem, the meristematic layer is present in patches as a single layer between xylem and phloem.

Multiple choice

Which of the following properties is/are associated with a dicotyledonous root?

a. Many of the epidermal cells protrude in the form of unicellular root hairs. b. The cortex consists of several layers of thin-walled parenchyma cells with intercellular spaces. c. There are usually more than six xylem bundles in a dicotyledonous root.

  1. Only a

  2. Only a and b

  3. Only b

  4. Only b and c

  5. Only c
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option as this is not a property of a dicotyledonous root. In a dicotyledonous root, there are usually two to four xylem and phloem patches.

Multiple choice

Complex tissues work together as a unit and are made of more than one type of cells. Which of the following constitute the complex tissues in plants?

a. Xylem b. Sclerenchyma c. Phloem d. Collenchyma

  1. Only b and d

  2. Only b and c

  3. Only a and d

  4. Only a and b

  5. Only a and c
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option. Xylem and phloem constitute the complex tissues in plants. Xylem functions as a conducting tissue for water and minerals and phloem transports food materials, usually from leaves to other parts of the plant.

Multiple choice

Stomata is composed of two bean-shaped cells known as guard cells. Which of the following is not a property of the guard cells?

  1. The guard cells in dicot plants are kidney-shaped and dumbbell-shaped in monocots.

  2. They store food material and other substances like resins, latex and mucilage.

  3. The outer walls of guard cells are thin and the inner walls are highly thickened.

  4. The guard cells keep stomata open during the day and keep them closed during the night.

  5. They possess chloroplasts and regulate the opening and closing of stomata.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option as this is not a property of the guard cells. The phloem parenchyma stores food material and other substances like resins, latex and mucilage.

Multiple choice

Match the following:

 
a. Lateral meristem 1. It is the meristem which occurs between mature tissues.
b. Apical meristem 2. It is the meristem which occurs at the tips of roots and shoots, and produces primary tissues.
c. Intercalary meristem 3. It is the meristem in which secondary growth occurs, resulting in increase in stem girth.

  1. a - 3, b - 2, c - 1

  2. a - 3, b - 1, c - 2

  3. a - 1, b - 3, c - 2

  4. a - 2, b - 3, c - 1

  5. a - 1, b - 2, c - 3
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option. Lateral meristem is the meristem in which secondary growth occurs, resulting in increase in stem girth. Apical meristem is the meristem which occurs at the tips of roots and shoots, and produces primary tissues. Intercalary meristem is the meristem which occurs between mature tissues.

Multiple choice

Match the following:

 
a. Closed vascular bundle 1. In this, the xylem and phloem are situated at the same radius of vascular bundles.
b. Radial vascular bundle 2. In this, the vascular bundles have no cambium present in them and they do not form secondary tissues.
c. Cojoint vascular bundle 3. In this, the xylem and phloem within a vascular bundle are arranged in an alternate manner on different radii.

  1. a - 1, b - 2, c - 3

  2. a - 2, b - 1, c - 3

  3. a - 2, b - 3, c - 1

  4. a - 3, b - 2, c - 1

  5. a - 1, b - 3, c - 2
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option. In closed vascular bundle, the vascular bundles have no cambium present in them and they do not form secondary tissues. In radial vascular bundle, the xylem and phloem within a vascular bundle are arranged in an alternate manner on different radii. In cojoint vascular bundle, the xylem and phloem are situated at the same radius of vascular bundles.