Botany and Plant Science

Root pressure develops in the tracheary elements of xylem, i.e. tracheids and vessels. In plants, tracheary elements function as the primary water transport cells for which root pressure is an essential requirement.

This is the correct option. Diakinesis is the final stage of meiotic prophase 1 and is marked by the terminalisation of chiasmata.

Stalks are non-living ribbon-like or tubular appendages that are excreted outside the cell.

Meristematic tissues are small thin walled cells, which have unique capicity to divide continuosly. Thus, these are responsible for the growth of a plant.

Sclerenchyma is made of dead cells that are packed together closely. They are elongated with pointed ends.

Collenchyma is found in the stem and petioles of the leaves. Its function is to provide support and flexibility.

There are two types of plant tissues:

1. Meristematic tissues: Apical and lateral
2. Permanent tissues: Simple and complex

Meristematic tissue, which helps the stem and root grow in thickness is called cambium. It forms a sort of ring under the bark or is present in strips inside the stem and root.

This is the correct option. Starch granule is not a part of the membranous system of the chloroplast.

This is the correct option as this is not a characteristic of bundle sheath cells. They have large number of chloroplasts.

During leaf abscission, parenchyma cells in the petiole base form a specialized separation layer. These cells undergo precise biochemical changes, with cell walls weakening to create a clean break point allowing leaves to detach without damaging the plant.

Pitcher plant is named so because in this plant, the leaves are modified to take up the shape of pitcher in order to trap the insects.

The additional stiffness of secondary cell wall of xylem is due to lignin.

The middle lamella of the cell wall is rich in pectin.

The first laid layer of cell wall is middle lamella.