Biology · Science General

Botany and Plant Science

5,038 Questions

Botany and plant science delve into the biological study of plant life, covering structural anatomy, physiological processes, and reproductive mechanisms. Key topics include inflorescence patterns, root modifications, and seed development, which are vital for biology sections in medical entrance exams. This collection of practice questions helps solidify understanding of complex plant functions.

Plant ReproductionPlant AnatomyRoot ModificationsInflorescence PatternsPlant Morphology

Botany and Plant Science Questions

Multiple choice

Underground stems of which of the following plants are modified to store food in them, which, acting as organs of perennation, tide over conditions unfavourable for growth?

a. Opuntia b. Euphorbia c. Potato d. Colocasia

  1. Only a and b

  2. Only a and c

  3. Only c and d

  4. Only a and d

  5. Only b and c
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option. Underground stems of Potato and Colocasia are modified to store food in them. They also act as organs of perennation to tide over conditions unfavourable for growth.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is/are false?

a. Androecium is the female reproductive part of the flower and is made up of one or more carpels. b. When stamens are attached to the petals, they are epipetalous. c. A carpel consists of three parts namely stigma, style and ovary.

  1. Only a

  2. Only a and b

  3. Only b

  4. Only b and c

  5. Only c
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option as this statement is false. Gynoecium is the female reproductive part of the flower and is made up of one or more carpels.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is/are false about the leaf?

a. The leaf develops at the node and bears a bud in its axil. b. The leaf is the most important vegetative organ for photosynthesis. c. Pulvinus provides rigidity to the leaf blade and acts as a channel for transporting water, minerals and food materials.

  1. Only a

  2. Only a and b

  3. Only b

  4. Only b and c

  5. Only c
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option as this statement is false. Veins provide rigidity to the leaf blade and act as channels for transporting water, minerals and food materials.

Multiple choice

The stems spread out branches bearing leaves, flowers and fruits. Which of the following is not a feature of the stem?

  1. The stem develops from the direct elongation of the radicle of a germinating seed.

  2. The stem is the ascending part of the axis.

  3. The stem is responsible for bearing buds.

  4. The stem is responsible for bearing nodes and internodes.

  5. When young, the stem is generally green.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option as this is not a feature of the stem. The stem develops from the plumule of the embryo of a germinating seed.

Multiple choice

Match the following:

 
a. Leaf base 1. It is the green expanded part of the leaf with veins and veinlets.
b. Petiole 2. It helps holding the blade to light.
c. Lamina 3. It helps attaching the leaf to the stem.

  1. a - 3, b - 2, c - 1

  2. a - 3, b - 1, c - 2

  3. a - 2, b - 1, c - 3

  4. a - 2, b - 3, c - 1

  5. a - 1, b - 2, c - 3
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option. Leaf base helps attaching the leaf to the stem. Petiole helps holding the blade to light. Lamina is the green expanded part of the leaf with veins and veinlets.

Multiple choice

Match the following:

 
a. Alternate type of phyllotaxy 1. In this, two leaves arise as a pair at each node and lie opposite to each other.
b. Opposite type of phyllotaxy 2. In this, a single leaf arises at each node in alternate manner.
c. Whorled type of phyllotaxy 3. In this, more than two leaves arise at a node and form a whorl.

  1. a - 2, b - 3, c - 1

  2. a - 3, b - 2, c - 1

  3. a - 1, b - 2, c - 3

  4. a - 2, b - 1, c - 3

  5. a - 3, b - 1, c - 2
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option. In alternate type of phyllotaxy, a single leaf arises at each node in alternate manner. In opposite type of phyllotaxy, two leaves arise as a pair at each node and lie opposite to each other. In whorled type of phyllotaxy, more than two leaves arise at a node and form a whorl.

Multiple choice

Match the following:

 
a. Fibrous root system 1. It is the root system in which the roots arise from parts of the plant other than the radicle.
b. Tap root system 2. It is the root system formed by thin, moderately branching roots growing from the stem.
c. Adventitious root system 3. It is the root system in which a single dominant root develops from the radicle of the embryo vertically underground the soil.

  1. a - 2, b - 1, c - 3

  2. a - 2, b - 3, c - 1

  3. a - 3, b - 2, c - 1

  4. a - 1, b - 2, c - 3

  5. a - 1, b - 3, c - 2
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option. Fibrous root system is the root system formed by thin, moderately branching roots growing from the stem. Tap root system is the root system in which a single dominant root develops from the radicle of the embryo vertically underground the soil. Adventitious root system is the root system in which the roots arise from parts of the plant other than the radicle.

Multiple choice

Which among the following vegetative propagules are observed in Agave and Eichhornia plants respectively?

  1. Bulbil and Offset

  2. Runner and Bulbil

  3. Sucker and Runner

  4. Offset and Sucker

  5. Stolon and Sucker
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Vegetative propagation is a method of asexual reproduction in plants. The vegetative parts of the plants are used to produce new plants. Agave species propagates vegetatively through bulbils that are fleshy buds, which develop in the axils of the leaves. Water hyacinth (Eichhornia) propagates through short creeping stems called offsets, which bear a tuft of leaves at its apex.

Multiple choice

Which of the following processes involves the transfer of male gametes?

  1. Syngamy

  2. Apomixis

  3. Pollination

  4. Apogamy

  5. Parthenogenesis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Pollination is the process of transfer of pollen grains or male gametes from anther to stigma in plants. The pollens are transferred from the anther of one flower to the stigma of the same flower or another flower.