Biology

Behavioral Psychology and Physiology

1,185 Questions

Behavioral psychology and physiology explore cognitive processes, attention, memory, and learning mechanisms like conditioning. These concepts are frequently tested in general science and psychology sections of various competitive exams. Prepare thoroughly using these practice questions covering key behavioral theories and physiological functions.

Cognitive processesMemory and learningAttention and focusDevelopmental milestonesSensory perception

Behavioral Psychology and Physiology Questions

Multiple choice zoology control and coordination in living organisms the reflex action reflex action and reflex arc basic reflex action and reflex arc

Reflex action is

  1. Stimulus Sensory Motor Response

  2. Stimulus Motor Sensory Response

  3. Receptor Motor Sensory Response

  4. Sensory Stimulus Motor Response
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

A reflex arc follows the pathway: Stimulus -> Receptor -> Sensory neuron -> Integration center (spinal cord) -> Motor neuron -> Effector -> Response.

Multiple choice zoology control and coordination in living organisms the reflex action reflex action and reflex arc basic reflex action and reflex arc

Which of the following is not an involuntary action?

  1. Vomiting

  2. Salivation

  3. Heart beat

  4. Chewing
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Involuntary actions are the actions which are happening without the conscious choice of an organism. The examples for involuntary actions are: Vomiting, yawning, salivation, heart beats, coughing, sneezing, etc.  Whereas chewing is a voluntary action, which is controllable.

Multiple choice zoology control and coordination in living organisms the reflex action reflex action and reflex arc basic reflex action and reflex arc

Which of the following actions are reflex actions?


1.Movement of the diaphragm during respiration
2.Coughing
3.Yawning
4.Sneezing
5.Removal of hand on being touched by hot object

  1. A. II and v only

  2. B. III,IV and V only

  3. C. IV and V only

  4. D. I,II,III,IV and V
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Reflex action is an involuntary action and it is a sudden reaction against the stimulus. e.g. removal of hand on being touched by hot or insertion of a pin in a skin, coughing, closing of the eyelid when any object enters in the eye

But Movement of the diaphragm during respiration is due to movement of Ribs muscles and Yawning and sneezing are involuntary actions not reflex actions.
So, the correct answer is 'Coughing and removal of hand on being touched by hot object' 

Multiple choice zoology control and coordination in living organisms the reflex action reflex action and reflex arc basic reflex action and reflex arc

Different type of reflex arc is_____________

  1. Somatic Reflex arc

  2. Visceral Reflex arc

  3. Both A and B

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

There are two types of reflex arcs namely, autonomic (visceral) reflex arc, affecting inner organs and somatic reflex arc, affecting muscles. 

Therefore, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice zoology control and coordination in living organisms the reflex action reflex action and reflex arc basic reflex action and reflex arc

Which among the following is the correct definition of taxis?

  1. The movement of a body towards or away from the stimulus is called taxis

  2. The movement of a body away from the stimulus is called taxis

  3. The movement of a body towards the stimulus is called taxis

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

  • The movement of animals towards or away from the stimulus is called as the taxis. The taxis may be negative or positive. 
  • The movement away from a stimulus is called negative taxis and the movement towards the stimulus is called positive taxis.


Therefore, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice biology life processes: control and coordination feedback mechanism mechanism of hormone action and feedback mechanisms role of hormones in coordination

'Too much, slow down or too little, speed up' this is the of

  1. Feedback mechanism

  2. Autosomal disorder

  3. Genetic disorder

  4. None
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

'Too much, slow down or too little, speed up' -this is the feedback mechanism. the body has a mechanism to maintain a normal state. Whenever there is a change in this state there are messages through the body systems to increase if there is a fall below the normal, or decrease, if there is a rise above the normal. This kind of ordering for the opposite Is negative feedback to restore the normal state.

So, the correct answer is 'Feedback mechanism'.

Multiple choice biology life processes: control and coordination feedback mechanism mechanism of hormone action and feedback mechanisms role of hormones in coordination

Feedback mechanisms can be

  1. Positive

  2. Negative

  3. Both

  4. None
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

'Too much, slow down or too little, speed up' -this is the feedback mechanism. the body has a mechanism to maintain a normal state. Whenever there is a change in this state there are messages through the body systems to increase if there is a fall below the normal, or decrease if there is rise above the normal.  This kind of ordering for the opposite Is negative feedback to restore the normal state. examples of positive feedback mechanisms are very few. One example is that of uterine contractions during childbirth. The normal state of the uterus is uncontracted, one contraction instead of commanding to come to normal gives a message to continue further (positive feedback till the delivery is completed).

So, the correct answer is 'Both'.

Multiple choice biology nervous system of man reflex action innate and learned behaviour coordination in human beings- chemical control

Which one does not involve brain ?

  1. Spinal reflex

  2. Cerebral reflex

  3. Cranial reflex

  4. Voluntary action
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Reflex is an involuntary and instantaneous action in response to a stimulus.

  1. A spinal reflex is a reflex action is controlled by spinal cord and related sensory afferent and an efferent muscle without the influence of brain like we remove our hand when we touch hot object.
  2. Cerebral reflex is an involuntary controlled action that involves brain like a closing of eyes in an exposure of light.
  3. Cranial nerve is mediated by the pathway that includes cranial nerves and brain includes the peripheral and central nervous system.
  4. Voluntary actions are those which depends on our will like eating, bathing etc. and controlled by the cerebellum.
The correct option is "Spinal reflex".

Multiple choice biology nervous system of man reflex action innate and learned behaviour coordination in human beings- chemical control

Which of the following are cerebral reflexes?


(i) a person pulls away his hand on touching a hot object.
(ii) a person spits out immediately when a fly enters his mouth while talking.
(iii) a person walking barefoot lifts his foot at once on stepping on to a nail.
(iv) a person's pupil contracts at once in the presence of bright light.

  1. (i) and (ii)

  2. (ii) and (iii)

  3. (iii) and (iv)

  4. (ii) and (iv)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Cerebral reflexes involve the brain. Spitting out a fly (ii) and pupil contraction (iv) are controlled by centers in the brainstem (midbrain/medulla), whereas pulling a hand away (i) and lifting a foot (iii) are spinal reflexes.

Multiple choice biology nervous system of man reflex action innate and learned behaviour coordination in human beings- chemical control

Which of the following is not a reflex action?

  1. Salivation

  2. Sweating

  3. Withdrawal of hand when pinched by needle

  4. Blinking of eyes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Reflex action is induced by the motor nerves. It is an involuntary and instant movement in response to a stimulus. A reflex action is done by neural pathway of reflex arc. In this, the action is done before the impulse reaches the brain. Out of the given options, sweating is not a reflex action. Salivation is a reflex action in which smell of food activate neural pathway and activates muscles and glands. This releases salivary juices. When someone is pinched by a needle, it activates neural pathway to evoke a response. The skin receptors quickly send nerve impulses to the spinal cord and response is relayed back. Apart from these, coughing, sneezing and blinking of eyes are also reflex actions.

Thus, the correct answer is 'Sweating.'

Multiple choice biology nervous system of man reflex action innate and learned behaviour coordination in human beings- chemical control

The kneejerk reflex in response to a mallet tap over the patellar ligament

  1. is a conditioned reflex

  2. is a monosynaptic reflex

  3. has its reflex centre in the spinal cord

  4. is mediated by a three neuron reflex are
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Monosynaptic Reflex is a simple reflex that involves the transmission of an impulse from a sensory neuron to a motor neuron across a single synapse in the spinal cord. The knee-jerk reflex action is an example of such type of reflex.

So, the correct option is 'is a monosynaptic reflex'.

Multiple choice biology nervous system of man reflex action innate and learned behaviour coordination in human beings- chemical control

The reflex action was discovered by

  1. Marshall

  2. Best

  3. Taylor

  4. Pavlov
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
  • Involuntary actions in response to external or internal stimuli are termed as reflex actions. Peripheral nervous system and the spinal cord are involved in controlling the reflex actions. Here, the brain is not involved.
  • The reflex action was discovered by Marshall. He proposed the theory explaining the body's reflex, or involuntary, actions.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Marshall'.
Multiple choice biology nervous system of man reflex action innate and learned behaviour coordination in human beings- chemical control

Which of the following best characterize the simple response to simple stimuli?

  1. Simple reflex

  2. Complex reflex

  3. Fixed action patterns

  4. Behavioral cycles

  5. Environmental rhythms
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

  • A stimulus is anything that can be perceived by a given organism including sight, sound, touch, smell, taste, etc.
  •  A response is generally characterized as the behaviour proximal to the stimulus. So if a bell rings and a person jumps the stimulus is the bell and the response is the jump. 
  • The ability of an organism or organ to respond to external stimuli is called sensitivity. When a stimulus is applied to a sensory receptor, it normally influences by a simple reflex. Hence, Simple reflex is best to characterize the simple response to simple stimuli. 
So, the correct answer is 'Simple reflex'.

Multiple choice biology nervous system of man reflex action innate and learned behaviour coordination in human beings- chemical control

Which one is not a reflex action?

  1. Closing the eye lids suddenly

  2. Release of saliva

  3. Obeying the order

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The reflex action is defined as the sudden and involuntary movements that are controlled directly by the spinal cord. These actions do not require memory generation most of the time, like blinking of the eyes when something comes close to them. These are called the unconditional reflexes. Some reflex actions may involve learning and these are call the conditional reflexes. For example release of saliva at the sight of the food. Obeying the orders is the voluntary set of actions performed under the command of the somatic nervous system. It involves memory generation so as to remember the tasks and voices.

Hence, the correct answer is 'Obeying the order'