Biology

Behavioral Psychology and Physiology

1,185 Questions

Behavioral psychology and physiology explore cognitive processes, attention, memory, and learning mechanisms like conditioning. These concepts are frequently tested in general science and psychology sections of various competitive exams. Prepare thoroughly using these practice questions covering key behavioral theories and physiological functions.

Cognitive processesMemory and learningAttention and focusDevelopmental milestonesSensory perception

Behavioral Psychology and Physiology Questions

Multiple choice biology animal behaviour ethology natural selection coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

Which of the following occurs only at a certain, critical time in an animal's life?

  1. Dominance

  2. Reflex

  3. Instinct

  4. Imprinting

  5. Habituation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Imprinting is a form of learning that occurs during a brief genetically determined critical period shortly after birth. Habituation is the most complicated form of learned behavior and includes applying something already learned to a new situation without a period of trial and error. The reasoning is making the concept of cause and effect in particular context. Reflex and dominance occur during a late phase of life. 

Therefore, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice biology animal behaviour ethology natural selection coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

Which of the following is a simple form of learned behaviour?

  1. Dominance

  2. Reflex

  3. Instinct

  4. Imprinting

  5. Habituation

  6. Both D and E
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
F Correct answer
Explanation

Both habituation and imprinting are simple learned behaviours. Both are non associative learning process which means not associated with any reward or punishment. In habituation, the animal becomes habituated to the specific type of stimulus after repeated exposure. In imprinting, the learned behaviour occurs at a particular stage of maturation process in life. It mostly occurs in early stage of life of animals. Like the animal first recognizes the mother. This behaviour helps the animal in their survival in young age. 

Multiple choice biology option a: neurobiology and behaviour ethology animal behaviour natural selection

Which of the following is the most simplest form of learned behaviour?

  1. Dominance

  2. Reflex

  3. Instinct

  4. Imprinting

  5. Habituation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Instinct is an innate, typically fixed pattern of behaviour in animals in response to certain stimuli. An instinct is something that doesn't need to learn and it happens naturally, without even thinking about it and so is the simplest form of learned behaviour. 

Multiple choice biology human brain and sense organs introduction to sense organs eyes and their function the structure and function of the eye

_________ is a decrease in the response to an ongoing stimulus.

  1. perception

  2. visual accommodation

  3. sensory adaptation

  4. both (b) and (c)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Neural adaptation or sensory adaptation is a change over time in the responsiveness of the sensory system to a constant stimulus. It is usually experienced as a change in the stimulus that is, the responsiveness to constant stimulus is decreased or stop

So, the correct option is 'Sensory adaptation'

Multiple choice business organisation importance of management introduction and characteristics of management meaning, nature and importance of management basics of management

When two or more people encounter each other, sooner or later one of them will speak or give some indication of acknowledging the presence of others. This is called the transactional stimulus. The other person will then say or do something which is in some way related to the stimulus, and that is called the __________________.

  1. Transactional answer

  2. Transactional response

  3. Transactional stimulus

  4. Transcriptional response
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
When two or more people encounter each other, sooner or later one of them will speak or give some indication of acknowledging the presence of others. This is called the transactional stimulus. The other person will then say or do something which is in some way related to the stimulus, and that is called the transactional response.
For example:
Stimulus: Support staff is  not disciplined.
Response: It is a sign of times.
Multiple choice evs science of kitchen balanced diet and malnutrition assimilation of food components and importance of food skeletal system and muscles assimilation of food and egestion busy at work - our internal organs

An uncontrolled reflex is 

  1. Vomiting

  2. Nausea

  3. Constipation

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Vomiting is a process of forcefully expelling the contents of the stomach out of the mouth. It is an involuntary process which means it is an uncontrolled reflex controlled by autonomic nervous system of brain.
So, the correct answer is 'Vomiting'.
Multiple choice biology chemical coordination and integration mechanism of hormone action coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

When the output of a pathway inhibits inputs to the pathway. This condition is known as

  1. Positive feedback

  2. Negative feedback

  3. Both A and B

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

An increased amount of thyroxine in the blood exerts an inhibitory effect on the hypothalamus. in such a way that less of thyroid releasing hormone (TRH) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) is produced respectively. This eventually results in a decrease in thyroxine. This is called negative feedback control. 

Multiple choice biology chemical coordination and integration mechanism of hormone action coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

Positive feedback inhibition is concerned about

  1. Increase in input

  2. Increase in output

  3. Bringing back output to the normal level

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
  • A feedback mechanism for multistep reactions is a biological occurrence wherein the output of a system amplifies the system (positive feedback) or inhibits the system (negative feedback).
  • For example, Release of estrogen(input) from the ovaries stimulates the secretion of GnRH from Hypothalamus which in turn stimulates the secretion of LH(product) from the anterior pituitary. This LH further causes the release of more estrogen(input) from the ovaries. Hence increase in input . Thus positive feedback.
  • Hence  Positive feedback inhibition is concerned about Increase in the input.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Increase in input'.
Multiple choice biology chemical coordination and integration mechanism of hormone action coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

Choose the correct answer from the alternatives givens.
In a negative feedback mechanism:

  1. the output cancels the input

  2. there is a fluctuation above and below the average

  3. there is self-regulation

  4. a regulatory center communicates with other body parts
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Negative feedback, a self-regulated process occurs when some function of the output of a system process, or mechanism is fed back in a manner that tends to reduce the fluctuation in the output whether caused by the changes in the input or by other disturbance.

So, the correct answer is 'there is self-regulation'

Multiple choice biology chemical coordination and integration mechanism of hormone action coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

Which of the following is an example of a negative feedback?

  1. Sucking reflex

  2. Uterine contractions during labour

  3. Secretion of CRH in response to ACTH

  4. Hair erection due to low body temperature
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

One distinctive feature of hormones whose secretion is regulated through the hypothalamus and pituitary is that they regulate their own secretion through negative feedback inhibition. CRH (corticotropin releasing hormone) and ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone). Less tropic hormone secretion leads to less stimulation of cortisol secretion by cells of the zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex. The usefulness of negative feedback inhibition is that it works to keep hormone levels within a particular appropriate physiological range.  The reduced negative feedback inhibition means that more CRH and ACTH will be secreted. More ACTH will stimulate the remaining adrenal tissue to grow and to secrete more cortisol. This will have the effect of bringing cortisol back up towards its normal daily level of secretion.

So the correct option is ' secretion of CRH in response to ACTH'

Multiple choice biology chemical coordination and integration mechanism of hormone action coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

Which one is a positive feedback mechanism?

  1. Sexual stimulation

  2. Allosteric inhibition

  3. Blood pressure

  4. Perspiration
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Allosteric inhibition is the regulation of an enzyme by an effector molecule that binds to a site other than the active site, which is called allosteric site. Since it is not blocking the active site it is called 'positive feedback' option $(B)$

Multiple choice physics human eye and colourful world human eye and its working what is inside our eyes? human eye and defects of vision

A series of fast moving still pictures can create an illusion of movement because :

  1. The eye can focus on very rapidly changing pictures

  2. Eye is quicker than the brain

  3. Eye can separate two images only when the interval of separation between them is one-tenth of a second

  4. The optical cortex can see through the rapidly moving images.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Human brain needs some time to process the images. It has the ability to see two distinct images only if the separation between them is one-tenth of a second, otherwise an illusion of continuity is created.

Multiple choice physics lever common machines terms related to machines introduction to simple machines

It is difficult to climb the steps having greater inclination. Why?

  1. Less erect steps require less energy

  2. Greater inclination requires less effort because of the high mechanical advantage

  3. Greater iriclination requires more effort because of the low mechanical advantage

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

As steps become more inclined, the vertical height gained per step increases, requiring more work against gravity. This reduces the mechanical advantage because a greater portion of the applied force goes into lifting vertically rather than moving forward.

Multiple choice evs bones joints in the human body our skeletal system and the skin joints

Which of the following movements in man are directly concerned with locomotion ?

  1. Bending of arm at elbow

  2. Rotation of head of femur in acetabulum

  3. Peristaltic movements

  4. Contraction of the heart
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Locomotion is the movement of organisms from one place to another. The femur and the acetabulum form the hip joint. Hence, the rotation of head of femur in acetabulum will lead to the movement of the legs and thereby, be help in locomotion. Bending of arm at elbow will only cause movement of hands and hence no locomotion. Peristalsis is the movement of the oesophagus as food pases through it and so, it can also not be considered as locomotion. Contraction of the heart will only cause pumping of blood and will not be responsible for actual locomotion.

Multiple choice physics sound: production of sound oscillation - amplitude, time period and frequency of oscillation time period, frequency and amplitude of sound oscillatory and periodic motion

The bye-bye gesture, we do using hands is an example of 

  1. Periodic motion

  2. Oscillatory motion

  3. Linear motion

  4. Circular motion
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The motion of the hand is an oscillatory motion, as the motion repeats in a finite interval of time and the to and fro motion happens in a given time period

As the hand moves to one extreme, a restoring force acts in the opposite direction to move it back to the mean and then to the other extreme position. Thus, the bye-bye gesture of the hand is an oscillating motion


The correct option is (b)