Antibiotics and Immunity

Penicillin is a classic antibiotic that inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis, making it effective against many bacterial infections.

Bacteria possess a rigid cell wall that provides structural support and protection against environmental stress, which is a key target for many antibiotics.

 This is right option as dettol contains chloroxylenol and terpineol.

A fungus

Streptomycin is considered the drug of choice for treating plague, caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis, especially in severe or pneumonic cases.

Ketoconazole is an imidazole antifungal medication used to treat various fungal infections. Acyclovir is antiviral, while mupirocin and sodium fusidate are antibacterial.

Acyclovir is a nucleoside analogue that inhibits viral DNA polymerase, specifically effective against herpes simplex virus (HSV) and varicella-zoster virus (VZV) skin infections. Mupirocin is antibacterial, silver sulfadiazine is for burns, and sodium fusidate is antibacterial.

Aminoglycosides (such as gentamicin or streptomycin) exert their bactericidal effect by binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit, thereby inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis.

Round-shaped bacteria are called ‘cocci’.

To protect themselves from adverse conditions, bacteria thicken or develop cell wall over their body. Cell membrane, i.e. plasma membrane cannot become thick enough to give protection while spores are the result of thickness and they germinate later.

Chlorellin is an antibacterial drug obtained from chlorella.

 Penicillium notatum, an ascomycotic fungi is used to extract penicillin which is a very important antibiotic.

This was the first commercial antibiotic discovered by Fleming in1929.

True, novobiocin is an antibiotic obtained from Streptomyces niveus.

True, chloroamphenicol is produced by S. venezuelae and S. lavendulae.