Biology

Antibiotics and Immunity

974 Questions

Prepare for your science sections with these questions on antibiotics and immunity. The hub covers various classes of antibiotics, their sources, and mechanisms of microbial resistance. It also addresses the human antiviral response.

Antibiotic classes and sourcesMicrobial resistance mechanismsAntiviral proteinsDisease treatments

Antibiotics and Immunity Questions

Multiple choice

_____ is an antibiotic used to cure pneumonia.

  1. Erythromycin

  2. Ephedrine

  3. Penicillin

  4. Ergot
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Penicillin is a widely used antibiotic that is effective against many bacterial infections, including pneumonia caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae. It works by interfering with the synthesis of bacterial cell walls. Erythromycin is also used, but Penicillin is the most common answer in this context.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is not an example of β-lactam antibiotic?

  1. Terramycin

  2. Amoxicillin

  3. Ampicillin

  4. Penicillin

  5. Cephalosporin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

This option is correct because β-lactam antibiotics (beta-lactam antibiotics) is a broad class of antibiotics, which contains a β-lactam ring in their molecular structures. But terramycin has no β-lactam ring in their molecular structures so this antibiotic is not a β-lactam antibiotic.

Multiple choice

What is the mode of action of cycloserine antibiotic?

  1. Interference with regeneration of the monophosphate form of bactoprenol from the pyrophosphate form

  2. Inhibition of peptidoglycan synthesis

  3. Damage of membrane

  4. Inhibits peptidoglycan synthesis by interference with synthesis of the peptide moiety of the peptidoglycan

  5. Causing a leakage from the cytoplasmic content of the cell
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

This is the mode of action of cycloserine.

Multiple choice

Tetracycline acts by which of the following?

  1. Inhibiting protein synthesis through interference with the binding of aminoacyl t RNA to the 30 S subunit ribosome.

  2. Inhibiting protein synthesis by combining with the 50S subunit ribosome.

  3. Inhibiting protein synthesis by combining irreversibly with the 30 S subunit.

  4. Increases cell permeability.

  5. Causing a leakage from the cytoplasmic content of the cell.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

This is the mode of action of tetracycline.

Multiple choice

Mrs. Verma delivered a female baby. But after examining the baby, the paedeatrician confirmed that the baby was suffering from septicemia. Which of the following bacterias is responsible for neonatal meningitis and septicemia?

  1. Streptococcus viridans

  2. Streptococcus agalactiae

  3. Enterococci

  4. Streptococcus mutans

  5. Streptococcus pyogenes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

These organisms causes neonatal meningitis and septicemia after transmission from the normal vaginal flora of the mother. The organism can be identified on the basis of beta hemolysis.

Multiple choice

After medical check up, the doctor told the couple that their six month old baby is having a severe bacterial infection of a gram positive bacteria. Which of the following is a Gram-positive anaerobic rod which infects through skin abrasion in humans?

  1. Brucella

  2. Yersinia pestis

  3. L.monocytogenes

  4. Francisella tularensis

  5. Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, is a Gram-positive anaerobic rod, which infects through skin abrasion while handling contaminated animal products or soil. Generally, the organism produces an inflammatory skin lesion, on fingers or hand, which is violaceus and has a raised edge. It spreads peripherally, as the discolouration in the central area fades.

Multiple choice

Extracellular bacteria try to avoid killing by _____________.

  1. activating neutrophils

  2. accelerating complement activation

  3. synthesising capsules

  4. by deviating complement deposition to the cell membrane

  5. limiting variation in their antigens
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Capsules do not adhere readily to phagocytic cells and may cover carbohydrate molecules, which could be recognised by phagocyte receptors.