Biology

Antibiotics and Immunity

859 Questions

Prepare for your science sections with these questions on antibiotics and immunity. The hub covers various classes of antibiotics, their sources, and mechanisms of microbial resistance. It also addresses the human antiviral response.

Antibiotic classes and sourcesMicrobial resistance mechanismsAntiviral proteinsDisease treatments

Antibiotics and Immunity Questions

Multiple choice biology aids to health antibiotics and their uses common health care methods immunization, treatment and antibiotics first aid

Name an antibiotic manufactured from fungi.

  1. Penicillin

  2. Streptomycin

  3. Amoxicillin

  4. Ampicillin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Penicillin, one of the first and still one of the most widely used antibiotic agents, derived from the Penicillium mold. Streptomycin is produced from Streptomyces griseus bacteria. Ampicillin and Amoxicillin are synthetic antibiotics. So the above-selected option is correct 

Multiple choice biology aids to health antibiotics and their uses common health care methods immunization, treatment and antibiotics first aid

An antibiotic such as penicillin

  1. Kills pathogenic bacteria

  2. Prevents pathogenic bacteria from reproducing

  3. Works against infectious viruses

  4. Inhibits the reproduction of retroviruses

  5. Both A and B
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation
Antibiotics function by blocking vital processes in bacteria, killing the bacteria, or stopping them from multiplying. This helps the body's natural immune system to fight the bacterial infection. Antibiotics that affect a wide range of bacteria are called as broad spectrum antibiotics (e.g., amoxicillin and gentamicin). Antibiotics that affect only a few types of bacteria are called as narrow-spectrum antibiotics (e.g., penicillin). Penicillin is bactericidal. A bactericidal antibiotic usually either interferes with the formation of the bacterium's cell wall or its cell contents. A bacteriostatic antibiotic stops bacteria from multiplying. An antibiotic is given for the treatment of an infection caused by bacteria. Antibiotics target microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi and parasites. However, they are not effective against viruses.
Multiple choice botany biotechnology and genetic engineering use of microbes in biotechnology use of microbes in industrial applications useful microorganisms

A bacterial culture is treated with streptomycin and a cast is made. A few colonies are able to survive due to

  1. Selection

  2. Adaption

  3. Mutation

  4. Mimicry
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Adaptation is the alteration in the structure or function of an organism or any of its parts that results from natural selection and by which the organism becomes better fitted to survive and multiply in its environment. The bacteria got adapted towards the changes and hence survived.

So the correct option is 'Adaption'.

Multiple choice animal diseases economic importance of bacteria and fungi bacteria keeping diseases away biology

All of the following are key features of microbial agents that are used as bioweapons except

  1. Environmental stability

  2. High morbidity and mortality rates

  3. Lack of readily available antibiotic treatment

  4. Lack of universally available and effective vaccine
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Microbial agents when used as bio weapons disturb environmental stability as they cause disease and death of organisms resulting in breaking of food chain, spreading of an epidemic etc
So, the correct answer is 'Environmental stability'


Multiple choice bio-chemistry our health disease and its treatment manifestation and treatment of disease treatment of disease

The chemical substances produced by some microbes which can kill or retard the growth of other microbes are called

  1. antiseptics

  2. antacids

  3. antibiotics

  4. all of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Antibiotics are chemical substances secreted by certain microbes which inhibit the growth and development of other microbes. Most of them are produced by actinomycetes (specially the genus Streptomyces) and filamentous fungi. Some important antibiotics are : tetracycline, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, etc.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry our health disease and its treatment manifestation and treatment of disease treatment of disease

Why are probiotics used for treatment?

  1. They boost immunity

  2. They increase the good bacteria

  3. Both A and B

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Probiotics are the useful microorganism which promotes healthy digestion and strengthen the immune system. For example lactobacillus which is mainly present in the fermented dairy products proliferates in the gut and promotes the healthy digestion.

So, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry our health disease and its treatment manifestation and treatment of disease treatment of disease

To kill the cause of the disease caused by virus ______ are effective.

  1. Antibiotics

  2. Antibacterial drugs

  3. Antiviral drugs

  4. Antiprotozoal drugs
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

For complete recovery, it is essential that medicine specific to disease-causing microbes is taken. A virus needs to be treated using antiviral drugs, antibiotics and antiprotozoal will have no effect on the virus. Therefore, (c) is the correct answer.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry our health disease and its treatment manifestation and treatment of disease treatment of disease

Antibiotics are not effective in the case of 

  1. Fungal infection.

  2. Bacterial infection.

  3. Viral infection.

  4. All of the above.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Antibiotics are designed to target bacterial processes (like cell wall synthesis). Viruses do not have these structures, so antibiotics are ineffective against viral infections.

Multiple choice sexually transmitted diseases stds and infertility reproductive health reproduction biology

Which of the following STDs cannot treated with antibiotics?


(A) Gonorrhoea                (B) Syphilis
(C) Genital herpes            (D) Chlamydin
(E) Genital warts               ( F) AIDS

  1. (A) and (B)

  2. (A), (B) and (AC)

  3. (C) and (D) only

  4. (C), (E), and (F)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
(D) correct answer (C), (E), & (F)

Gonorrhea, Chlamydia & Syphilis are an example of sexually transmitted diseases that can be treated with antibiotics.
Multiple choice biology the world of microbes medicinal use of microorganisms use of microorganisms in medicine vaccines

Normal E. coli cells carry resistance against which of the following antibiotics?

  1. Chloramphenicol

  2. Ampicillin

  3. Tetracycline

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
A. Chloramphenicol is an antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections such as eye infections.
B. Ampicillin is an antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections such as ear infections.
C. Tetracycline is an antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections such as cholera, acne etc.
All these antibiotics are used to kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria. Normal E. coli cells do not carry resistance against any of the following antibiotics. However, the plasmids of E. coli are genetically modified and genes carrying resistance for these antibiotics is integrated within the plasmid and this genetically engineered plasmid is transformed into host cells.
So, the correct answer is 'None of the above'.
Multiple choice biology the world of microbes medicinal use of microorganisms use of microorganisms in medicine vaccines

How the antibiotics work?

  1. They block the biochemical pathway of some cells of host

  2. They block the biochemical pathway of pathogens

  3. They only bring down the effect of disease

  4. They comfort the patient
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Antibiotics are compounds which are used to treat bacterial infection. They work by blocking the biochemical pathway of pathogens. They inhibit the synthesis of enzymes required for cell wall biosynthesis, nucleic acid metabolism or protein synthesis. They also act by disrupting the cell membrane of pathogens.

Thus, the correct answer is 'They block the biochemical pathway of pathogens.'